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(二)名詞性短語和詞組
1. 缺乏，缺少
lack of(be lack of 常在句中充當表語成分)考試大論壇
很多婚姻走向失敗的根源在于缺乏真誠的交流和相互的信任。
The failure of many marriages has its roots in the lack of sincere communication and mutual trust.
2. (生活等)的節奏
the pace of (life等)
只要不斷學習新東西，勇于進取，我們就能跟上時代的步伐。
As long as we make unceasing efforts to learn new things and move ahead, we will keep up with the pace of the times.
3. 時間的流逝或消失
the passage of time
歲月的流逝也無法抹去故鄉在他心中的烙印。
The mark his hometown left upon his mind does not fade away with the passage of time.
4. ••••••的根源
the root of ...
一座大壩已經建立起來，從而徹底根除了過去威脅著沿岸人民安全的洪水。
A great dam has been built up so as to eliminate the root of flood, which used to endanger the people along the river.
5. 最大限度地; 最大容量地
(one’s) capacity
只要每個中國人都全力投入到中國的經濟建設中,中華民族的騰飛就指日可待。
As long as every Chinese works to his capacity in the construction of China’s economy, the rise of Chinese nation is just round the corner.
6.距廣場幾家之遙
a few doors down the square
(即 “距離”+down+ “地點” 表示 “距…之遙”)
聞名遐邇的秦兵馬俑位于西安城東20公里。
Twenty kilometers down east of Xi’an, there stands the well-known Museum of Qin Dynasty Terracotta Warriors and Horses.
7. ••••••的動機
the motive( for sth. or doing sth. )
獲取文憑和學歷并不是她們讀研的唯一動機。
To obtain a diploma and degree is not at all the only motive that drives them to pursue their postgraduate studies.
8據估計/研究/報告/調查……
estimates /a research / a report / a poll are / is that …
根據教育部的一份調查報告，農村失學率是全國平均的七倍，從而導致他們的失業率是全國平均的兩倍左右。
A report by the Department of Education is that in the countryside, the school dropout is seven times the national average, which leads to their unemployment rate twice the national average.
(三)介詞(+名詞)性短語和詞組
1. 處于壓力之下
under pressure
適當的壓力能夠調動人的積極性，而壓力太大會使人受挫，甚至失敗。
Under proper pressure, people are highly motivated; but, under excessive pressure, people feel frustrated and even end up in failure.
2. 超出了法律所允許的范圍
beyond the limits legally allowed
任何行為超出了法律所允許的范圍，必將受到法律的制裁。
Any act that goes beyond the limits legally allowed is bound to receive the punishment from the law.
3. 不得當地，不得體地
beyond a certain appropriate point
愛有助于孩子健康成長，但溺愛會寵壞,甚至毀了孩子。
Love adds health to the growth of children, but the love beyond a certain appropriate point will make them spoiled or even ruined.
4. 在如此輕松的環境里
in such relaxed surroundings / In such a cozy environment
在如此舒適的環境里，這些無家可歸的孩子才真正享受到了家庭生活的溫暖。
In such a cozy environment, these homeless children really enjoyed the warmth of family life.
5. 和，連同
together with
Poverty, together with lack of knowledge, made a terrible dream of the life in past. But today, prosperity, along with the progress of science, brings people the hope for new life.
貧窮和無知使過去的生活難以回首。而今天，繁榮和科學的進步給人們帶來了新生活的希望。
6. 指望••••••
in the expectation that…
許多學生從大學畢業時, 就指望不久能找到稱心的工作;但常常是事與愿違。
Many students graduate from college in the expectation that they can soon land jobs after their own hearts; but in most cases things go contrary to their wishes.
7. 在表面上來源：www.examda.com
on the surface
表面上她似乎很靦腆，而當你了解她時就會發現并非如此
She seems rather shy on the surface, but that is not the case when you get to know her.
8. 乍一看，最初看到時
at first glance
乍一看，你會覺得他是瘋了?？僧斈阏驹谀莾河^看一會兒，一股敬畏之情就會油然而生。
At first glance, you may believe he goes mad. But if you stand there watching him for a while, a feeling of awe will arise from the bottom of your heart.
9. 萬一，如果••••••發生
in the event of
由于怕萬一老板給他們穿小鞋甚至整他們，一些人對公司的業務從不發表不同見解。
In the event of the boss putting them to trouble or even punishing them, some people never express different views on the firm’s business.
10. 輪換，依次
in turn
中國稅收政策的精神實質在于：取之于民，用之于民。
The essence of China’s tax policy lies in the fact that the taxes are taken from the people and in turn used for the good of the people.
11. 從古至今
throughout history
從古至今，孝敬老人一直是中華民族的傳統美德。
Throughout history, being filial and respectful to the elders has been a traditional virtue of the Chinese nation.
12. 表面上
on the exterior
從外表看，這座建筑物雄偉壯觀，集中體現了歐洲建筑藝術風格。
On the exterior, this building is grand and magnificent, reflecting the typical styles of European architecture arts.
13. 本質上，內在地
on the interior
她貌似怯弱，但內心卻十分堅強，在困難面前從不屈服。
On the exterior, she is timid and weak-willed; but on the interior, she has a rather strong mind and never yields to any difficulties.
14. 在路上
on one’s trail
在通往成功的金字塔的道路上，只要你穩扎穩打，一步一個臺階，你就一定能登上頂峰。
So long as you go ahead steadily and proceed step by step on your trail to the pyramid of success, you are bound to reach its peak.
15.在他的單獨管轄之下
under his sole authority / control
這個地區置于聯合國維和部隊的單獨管轄之下。
This region is placed under the sole control of the Peace Troops of UN.
