又好又快發(fā)展Sound and Fast Development

A goal set for China’s economic progress that underscores both quality and speed. Officials attending the Central Economic Work Conference in 2005 made “fast and sound” development one of the country’s goals. It was revised to “sound and fast” development at the following year’s conference. In his report to the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China in 2007, General Secretary Hu Jintao said the economy must advance in a comprehensive, balanced and sustainable manner by putting “sound” before “fast”. The change demonstrates the central government’s determination to bring about a shift in the country’s economic growth mode.

小康社會 A moderately prosperous society

A blueprint for the development of the society featuring comprehensive improvement in the economy, democracy, science and technology, social culture, and people’s lives.

In the 1980s, late Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping set a target for the country to realize “a moderately prosperous society” by 2000, which was mostly about growth in the economic indicators.

Jiang Zemin, the former president, officially widened the concept to cover more social aspects in his report to the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China in 2002. Besides quadrupling the country’s GDP of 2000 by 2020, other targets included implementing the rule of law, fostering market economy, ensuring universal coverage of social security, and helping most people live a comfortable life.

President Hu Jintao in his report to the 17th CPC National Congress added new elements to the blueprint by stressing transformation of the economic development pattern, and sustainability of growth.

循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)Circular Economy

A model for economic growth which aims at environmental protection

Under this model, resources are used with higher efficiency and reused and recycled when possible, so that pollution is minimized and waste is reduced as much as possible. It also involves the transformation of industrial organization and allocation, urban infrastructure, environmental protection, technological paradigms, and social welfare distribution.

An important part in China’s effort toward sustainable development, circular economy was officially raised as a target for China’s future growth in 2004.

The State Council issued a file about promoting it in July 2005, making it a key guideline in the 11th Five-Year Plan and to achieve the specific goals in energy conservation and pollution reduction before 2020.

社會主義新農(nóng)村 Socialist New Countryside

To address the increasingly conspicuous imbalance in the country’s economic landscape, the fourth generation leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC) has gone to great lengths to correct the urban-rural divide. “Socialist New Countryside” is to date the most comprehensive solution it has prescribed.

The concept first appeared in early 2005 in a major policy paper on rural development. The CPC-proposed a blueprint for the country’s 11th Five-Year Plan (2006-10)www.rr365.com. It portrays the “new countryside” as featuring “advanced production, a well-to-do life, civilized folkways, a neat look, and democratic management”. As part of the campaign, the central authorities are reorienting public finance to support rural development programs.