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【In the Garden: Getting Started With Roses】
TEXT：Most kinds of rose plants come from Asia. But roses are also native to other areas including northwest Africa, Europe and the United States.
大部分玫瑰品種來自亞洲。但是包括非洲西北部，歐洲和美國等其他地區也有本土玫瑰。
In nineteen eighty-six, Congress chose the rose as America's national flower. Technically, Congress and President Ronald Reagan declared it the "national floral emblem." Whatever the
name, the decision did not smell sweet to supporters of other popular flowers.
1986，美國國會選擇玫瑰作為美國的國花。嚴格來說，國會和羅納德?里根總統稱其為“國家花卉象征”。 無論它的名字是什么，這個決定并不討其他熱門花卉支持者的喜愛。
Some people say roses are difficult to grow. But you have a good chance of success if you start with a few suggestions from experts. You should plant your roses where they can get sunshine for about six hours on bright days.
有些人說玫瑰太難種植。但是，如果你遵循專家的一些建議開始種植，就會有很好的成功機會。你應該把玫瑰種植在晴天能受到大約6小時日照的地方。
You can buy roses from a garden center or by mail order. You can buy potted roses, also known as container roses, or bare-root plants. Each kind has its fans.
你可以從花卉商店或通過郵購買到玫瑰。你可以買盆栽玫瑰，也叫做容器玫瑰，或裸根植物。 每個種類都有它的喜愛者。
Some gardeners say potted roses are easier to plant. They say the roots develop better. But Jeffrey Dinslage, president of Nature Hills Nursery in Omaha, Nebraska, points out that bare-root roses come without soil. So they weigh less to transport.
一些園藝大師說盆栽玫瑰比較容易種植。他們說這些根長得比較好。但是內布拉斯加州奧馬哈市“自然山苗圃”的董事長杰弗里?汀斯雷芝指出，裸根玫瑰是不帶土的，因此運輸重量較輕。
The University of Illinois Extension advises getting bare-root roses as close to planting time as you can. If they arrive before you are ready to plant them, make sure the packing material is moist. Keep the plants in a cool, dark place.You plant the roses while they are dormant. The resting plants have no leaves but still need water.
伊利諾斯州大學分校建議盡可能在靠近種植時間買裸根玫瑰。如果你在準備好種植前就收到玫瑰，確保它們的包裝材料是潮濕的。把植物放置在陰涼潮濕的地方。 在它們處于休眠期期間種植。休眠的植物雖然沒有葉子，可是仍然需要水分。
When growing roses, the soil should feel moist deep down. Watering should be done in the morning. That can prevent problems called black spot and mildew.
種植玫瑰的時候，土壤應該是充分濕潤的。應該在早上給玫瑰澆水。這樣可以避免黑斑病和霉菌。
But do not water too much. Jeffrey Dinslage says people often ask him about unhealthy discoloration on rose leaves. He says the spots are usually caused by too much water. After heavy rains or too much watering, he advises pulling away mulch temporarily from around the roots. This will help dry the soil.
但是不要澆太多水。杰弗里?汀斯雷說人們經常問他關于玫瑰葉子上不健康斑點的原因。他說這些斑點通常是由太多水分造成的。他建議大雨過后或者澆太多水之后，把覆在根部的覆蓋物暫時拿掉。這能夠使泥土更快變干。
In normal conditions, placing mulch around rose plants is a good idea. Mulch suppresses weeds and holds moisture in the soil. You can use mulch made from bark, pine needles, cottonseed or oak leaves.
正常情況下，在玫瑰周圍放置覆蓋物是個好主意。這個覆蓋物抑制雜草的生長，并保持土壤中的水分。你可以用樹皮，松針，棉籽葉或橡樹葉做的根護物。
If your soil is very dry, you can add peat or compost, which returns nutrients to the soil. If aphids, thrips or other insects invade your rose bushes, you may be able to force them off with just a strong spray of water.
如果土壤非常干，你可以增加泥炭或肥料，這些能恢復土壤中的營養。如果蚜蟲，牧草蟲和其他昆蟲入侵你的玫瑰叢，你只需要用水大力噴射就能將它們趕走。
