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澳大利亞既能滿足中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)需求，也能滿足經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型帶來的需求。過去四十年來，我們向中國(guó)供應(yīng)能源和資源，是可靠的供應(yīng)國(guó)。將來這還會(huì)是澳中經(jīng)濟(jì)交往的一個(gè)重要部分。
Australia is well positioned to meet China’s traditional economy needs as well as those now generated by the great economic transformation now underway. For forty years we have been reliable suppliers of China’s energy and resource needs and this will remain a critical part of our future economic engagement with China.
據(jù)麥肯錫全球研究院預(yù)測(cè)，在接下來的十五年里，中國(guó)城市會(huì)建五萬座摩天大樓。這種大規(guī)模的城市化，支持著民用建筑、商用建筑、交通基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和電網(wǎng)領(lǐng)域的大量投資。它也增加了城市消費(fèi)者對(duì)汽車和家用電器的需求。這些投資需要大量的鐵礦石、銅、鋅、鎳和鋁， 這將會(huì)支撐資源繁榮。在未來十年，中國(guó)對(duì)鋼的需求很可能增加百分之四十，對(duì)能源的需求也會(huì)有很大增長(zhǎng)。這些都預(yù)示著澳中兩國(guó)，在礦產(chǎn)和燃料領(lǐng)域的傳統(tǒng)關(guān)系，有著很好的未來。去年，澳大利亞對(duì)中國(guó)的礦產(chǎn)和燃料出口，占全部商品出口的百分之八十多。澳大利亞能夠滿足中國(guó)將來的各類能源需求。
For example, the McKinsey Global Institute, the business and economics research arm of McKinsey and Co, estimates that over the next 15 years, up to 50,000 new skyscrapers will be needed in China’s cities. This mass urban migration is supporting large-scale investment in new housing, commercial buildings, transport infrastructure and electricity networks. It is also driving demand among urban consumers for cars and appliances. The sheer amount of iron ore, copper, zinc, nickel and aluminium needed to sustain this investment will keep underpinning the resources boom. China’s demand for steel is likely to grow by almost 40 per cent in the next 10 years and there will be similarly strong growth in energy demand. All this bodes well for the future of Australia’s traditional relationship with China in minerals and fuels, which accounted for over 80 per cent of Australia’s merchandise exports to China last year. Australia is well-placed to meet the range of China’s future energy needs.
除了礦產(chǎn)和燃料， 澳大利亞可以為中國(guó)提供的東西還很多。中國(guó)城市人口增長(zhǎng)很快，平均收入是農(nóng)村人口的三倍。他們需要更成熟的服務(wù)，如教育、銀行、金融和理財(cái)服務(wù)、建筑和設(shè)計(jì)、綠色科技、還有旅游。澳中兩國(guó)可以在這些領(lǐng)域進(jìn)一步合作， 這對(duì)雙方都有好處。
But Australia has more to offer China than just minerals and fuels, as important as this may be. China's rapidly urbanising population – whose income is on average 3 times that of rural areas – is demanding more sophisticated services, in areas such as in education services, banking, financial and wealth management services, architecture and design, green technologies, as well as tourism. These are areas where further collaboration between Australia and China can bring great mutual benefit.
例如，中國(guó)有很好的教育系統(tǒng)。不過，中國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)的教育系統(tǒng)需要擴(kuò)展來滿足需求。中國(guó)有十三億人口， 但目前僅有兩千所高校。中國(guó)有越來越多的學(xué)生去國(guó)外留學(xué)，教育資源太少仍然是一個(gè)主要原因。二零一零年，中國(guó)有近三十萬名學(xué)生出國(guó)留學(xué)，比上一年增加了五萬多。澳大利亞的學(xué)校在世界上排名較高，在中國(guó)名聲很不錯(cuò)。中國(guó)是澳大利亞最大的留學(xué)生來源國(guó)。 在二零一零年，有十三萬名中國(guó)學(xué)生在澳大利亞求學(xué)。
For example, China has an excellent education system. However, China’s domestic education system struggles to expand to meet demand. Currently there are only 2,000 Chinese institutions of higher education shared by a population of 1.3 billion people. The shortage of places remains one of the key reasons why an increasing number of Chinese students are seeking high quality education overseas. In 2010, a total of 284,700 Chinese went to study abroad, an increase of 55,400 over last year. Australian education enjoys a good reputation among Chinese students in terms of the global university rankings and it is not surprising that China is Australia’s largest source of overseas students with 167,000 enrolments Australian education institutions in 2010.
兩國(guó)另一個(gè)合作領(lǐng)域是金融服務(wù)。澳大利亞的金融業(yè)，對(duì)澳大利亞的國(guó)民產(chǎn)出、就業(yè)和經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)貢獻(xiàn)最大。它帶來了百分之十點(diǎn)八的實(shí)際附加值總額，價(jià)值一千二百一十億澳元。澳大利亞在全球金融危機(jī)后仍然健康運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。這是因?yàn)榘拇罄麃営兄澜邕\(yùn)行最好的，監(jiān)管系統(tǒng)。澳大利亞管理的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)基金規(guī)模世界排名第四。基金管理業(yè)自一九九五年來增長(zhǎng)了五倍， 年增長(zhǎng)率達(dá)百分之十二， 現(xiàn)在管理著價(jià)值一點(diǎn)七萬億澳元的基金。澳大利亞的金融服務(wù)公司，在中國(guó)的銀行、保險(xiǎn)、基金管理、證券和咨詢業(yè)很活躍。 更多國(guó)際金融服務(wù)公司來到中國(guó)，會(huì)使中國(guó)的金融服務(wù)市場(chǎng)會(huì)更加成熟、更加國(guó)際化。
Another area for collaboration is in financial services. Australia financial sector is the largest contributor to Australia’s national output, employment and economic growth, generating 10.8 per cent or A$121bn of real gross value added. Australia emerged from the GFC in robust good health, underpinned by a world best practice regulatory system. Australia is home to the world’s fourth largest pool of contestable funds under management. Funds management sector has grown five-fold since 1995, at a compound annual growth rate of 12 per cent, and now has A$1.7 trillion in funds under management. Australian financial service providers are already active in China in banking, insurance, funds management, securities and consultancies. Further involvement by global financial services companies will help China to increase the sophistication of and internationalise its own financial services market.
