評論
打印
十二五規劃中提出中國今后五年GDP增長目標是百分之七，可能比較保守，因為去年增長了百分之十點三。更重要的是，這表明中國愿意接受比較低的經濟增長率，使經濟更加平衡、更加平等、更加可持續。換句話說，中國現在更重視增長的質量，而不就是增長的數量。
China’s 7 per cent GDP growth target over the next five years, announced as part of the 12th 5-year plan, is probably on the conservative side. For example, Chinese GDP growth was 10.3 per cent last year. But importantly, it shows that China is willing to accept a lower rate of growth in order to rebalance its economy, alleviate inequalities and improve sustainability. In other words, China is now looking to prioritise the quality of growth over the quantity of growth.
中國在改變增長模式的過程中，政府也重視研發的投入。中國研發支出占GDP的比例只有約百分之一點四，仍然較低，低于全球研發支出百分之一點九的水平。十二五規劃中，中國政府的目標是把研發支出提高到GDP的百分之二點二。同時把每年每萬人口的，發明專利擁有量，提高到三點三件。此外，政府還要鼓勵海外研究人員回國工作，同時引進兩千名，外國專家，在國家實驗室工作。盡管中國人均研發支出，還比較低，但是研發支出總量已經超過了很多國家。中國的研發支出總量已經超過了德國、韓國和英國等發達經濟體。
In the course of it’s changing growth model, China has sustained a focus on R&D investment. China’s R&D spending as a share of GDP is still relatively low – around 1.4 per cent, well below global R&D spending of 1.9 per cent. As part of the 12th five-year plan, the Chinese Government is seeking to boost expenditure on research and development to 2.2 per cent GDP. It is also targeting the registration of 3.3 patents per annum for each 10,000 head of population. This is on top of existing efforts to encourage internationally-based Chinese researchers to return to China and to recruit 2,000 foreign experts to work in national laboratories. While China’s R&D expenditure per capita remains low, its total spending on R&D is eclipsing many countries. China’s gross domestic expenditure on R&D is already far ahead of advanced economies like Germany, the Republic of Korea and the United Kingdom.
中國還有一個新的經濟現象，那就是中國新城市的崛起：那是一個新的增長動力。
The Rise of New Chinese cities: A New Power of Growth
我剛才說過, 中國新的經濟增長不僅來源于超級城市。我剛才說過, 到二零二零年，中國將有六個省的GDP超過一萬億美元，相當于六個俄羅斯 (或西班牙，或加拿大)。我剛才也說過, 中國有八個城市人口超過一千萬。我剛才說過, 中國有九十三個城市人口超過五百萬。
As noted above, China’s new economic growth is not simply being driven out of China’s mega cities. I repeat - by 2020, China will have six provinces with an annual GDP of more than US$1 trillion, equal to six countries the size of Russia (or Spain or Canada). I repeat - eight Chinese cities have a population of more than 10 million. I repeat - 93 have more than 5 million.
我看到了廣州等東部沿海城市的快速發展。現在我也看到內陸二線城市的快速發展。經濟學人信息部最近分析了中國的二十大新興城市，在接下來的十年，這些城市的人口將增加百分之二十七。分析還發現， 二零零九年中國二十個最富有城市的人均收入比二十大新興城市高出百分之四十二。但是，預計到二零二零年這個差距會縮小到只有百分之十五。
I have witnessed personally the extraordinary growth in eastern seaboard cities like Guangzhou, and am now seeing the incredible pace of development in second tier cities in China’s booming inland provinces. The Economic Intelligence Unit recently undertook an analysis of China’s top twenty emerging cities and found that over the next decade, the population of these cities will grow by 27 per cent. It also found that in 2009, average incomes in China’s twenty richest cities were 42 per cent higher than the top twenty emerging cities. By 2020, that gap is forecast to fall to just 15 per cent.
