第一 詞匯學習

1. suicide n. 自殺者

2. drunk n. 醉鬼，喝酒過度者

3. gravedigger n. 挖墓者

第二 加分短語

1. at the cost of ：以......為代價

He saved the child at the cost of his own life.

他為了拯救這個小孩，而犧牲了自己的生命。

He bought fame at the cost of health and happiness.

他犧牲了健康和幸福換來了名譽。

The fire was put out at the cost of a fireman's life.

這場火災是以一位消防隊員生命的代價才撲滅的。

The lessons learned at the cost of blood helped to sober us.

血的教訓使我們的頭腦清醒了。

2. learn from：從......學習，從......吸取教訓

The Party calls on us to learn from Comrade Lei Feng.

黨號召我們向雷鋒同志學習。

Bob, you should learn from you brother. He's found a part-time job already.

鮑勃，你應該向你哥哥學一學。他已經找到一份兼職工作。

You must try to learn from your mistakes and not repeat them.

你必須從錯誤中吸取教訓，別再重犯。

The Japanese have shown a tremendous willingness to learn from the experience of foreigners.

日本表現出極其愿意學習外國的經驗。

第三 短語注釋

1. wooden box：木箱

2. supposed criminals：被人有罪者

3. a pint of ：一品脫

4. made a cross：做十字架

5. put sth at the head of sth.：把.......放在......的上面

第四、寫作句式

It is all very well saying that...

釋義：話說得好......

范例：It is all very well saying that no iron can pierce the heart with such force as a period put at just the right place.

有句話說得好：句點用得其所，可穿透人心，雖刀槍力莫能及。

It is all well saying that beauty lies in the lover’s eyers.

有句話說得好：情人眼里出西施。

第四 寫作佳句

Sorrow was buried here.

賞析：這里的sorrow是一語雙關，既指“令人感到悲痛的人”，也指“悲痛者的悲痛心情”。

翻譯：悲痛埋在這里。

第五 文法詳解

1. There is a corner of the churchyard where the grass grows long, and where the suicides, drunks, unbaptized babies and other supposed criminals are laid．

點撥1：換線部分是由and連接的兩個由where引導的限定性定語從句修飾表示地點的先行詞churchyard。

點撥2：劃線部分中的unbaptized和supposed都是使用過去分詞組偶定語分別修飾名詞babies和criminals。

2. Tess bravely made a little cross and put it at the head of the grave one evening, when she could enter the churchyard without being seen．

點撥1：劃線部分是有關系副詞when引導的修飾表示時間的先行詞evening的定語從句。

點撥2：換線部分總的without being seen中介詞without后面接的是被動結構的動名詞短語——being seen。Without being seen的意思就是“沒有被人看到地”。

3. ...but could not see how to use her knowledge, so painfully gained．

點撥：劃線部分是過去分詞短語做后置定語，修飾名詞knowledge，her knowledge so painfully gained的意思是“她經歷如此痛苦的事情后獲得的知識”。