評論
打印
Using the example from the lecture, explain what behavior modification is and how it works.
請用課上所舉例子解釋說明什么是行為矯正，以及行為矯正是如何進行的。
Now read the passage from a psychology book.
請閱讀這篇選自心理學課本的文章。
You have 45 seconds to read the passage. Begin reading now.
你有45秒的時間閱讀文章內容，現在計時開始。
Now listen to part of a lecture on the topic in a Psychology class.
請聽心理學課上關于這個話題的部分內容。
This happens all the time with kids in schools.
在學校里的孩子身上一直出現這種情況。
Say there was a little boy or girl who's just starting school.
假設一個小男孩或者小女孩剛開始上學。
Well, they're not really used to the rules about proper behaviors for classroom.
他們對在教室里要舉止得體的規定還不怎么習慣。
So at the beginning they might,
所以最開始上學的時候，
I don't know, interrupt the teacher, walk around the classroom when they're supposed to be sitting down.
本該老老實實坐在位置上的他們，可能會打斷老師講課或者站起來四處走動。
You know, just mis-behaving in general.
一般而言就是上課搗亂。
Ok, but, what happens?
好了，那接下來會怎么樣呢？
Well, the teacher gets angry with them when they act this way.
當他們這么做的時候，老師往往會生氣。
They might get punished.
然后懲罰他們。
They have to sit at their desks when everyone else is allowed to go outside and play.
當其他同學都可以去外面玩的時候，他們必須老實坐在位置上。
And they certainly don't like that. Soon, they'll learn that this kind of behavior gets them in trouble.
他們當然不喜歡這樣。很快他們就會知道，這種行為會給他們帶來麻煩。
They'll also learn that when they raise their hand to talk to the teacher and sit quietly
他們也會發現如果舉手之后再跟老師說話，安靜地坐在位置上，
and pay attention during class, they are rewarded.
上課注意力集中的話，他們就能得到獎勵。
The teacher tells them she's proud of them and maybe puts a little happy-face sticker on their homework.
老師會說她為他們感到驕傲，也許還會在他們的作業本上貼上一個小笑臉的貼紙。
Now that their behavior gets a good reaction from the teacher,
既然老師對他們的行為反應很好，
the kids learn to always act this way in class. And not behave the way they used to.
那孩子們就知道在教室里要一直這么做，并且不再像過去那樣淘氣了。
