看來(lái)這些“公式”和我們一開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)時(shí)所采用的錯(cuò)誤教法有關(guān)，它們?cè)谖覀冾^腦中往往先入為主，根深蒂固。而要打破頭腦中機(jī)械對(duì)等的公式套用的習(xí)慣，就必須養(yǎng)成一種整體情景分析的習(xí)慣。

      我們不妨閱讀一下下列文字：

      Aunt Helen wasa married to a clergyman, the vicar of a nearby parish. A conscientious but reserved man. It was Aunt Helen who ran the parish. With incredible efficiency, she organised charity bazaars and subscriptions, rebuked the erring, bullied committees and entertained a daily gathering of helpers, voluntary and conscripted, to tea, cake and instructions. It was she who gave me a bicycle for a Christmas present: I was in this way betterequipped for her numerous errands. She was an admirable woman, whom I take the great pains not to resemble.

      按照原文的形式，若作機(jī)械對(duì)等的公式翻譯：“......她是一位我盡量不去學(xué)她那樣子的令人欽佩的女子。”這顯然與原文其它部分是矛盾的。作者的海倫姑媽負(fù)責(zé)教區(qū)管理，她以令人難以置信的辦事效率組織義賣(mài)市場(chǎng)和慈善事業(yè)......，在圣誕節(jié)時(shí)還送給作者一輛自行車(chē)作為禮物。

      在這兒，whom導(dǎo)出的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，在形式上是描繪性的。但實(shí)際上，前后兩個(gè)是表示轉(zhuǎn)折的單句。根據(jù)上文所描繪的，作者的姑媽確實(shí)令人敬佩。但她那怪僻的性格，實(shí)在令作者不敢效仿。所以，本句應(yīng)按照它的基本概念進(jìn)行翻譯：

      “她是一位令人欽佩的女性，可是我盡量不去學(xué)她那個(gè)樣子。”

英語(yǔ)有固有的框架結(jié)構(gòu)和語(yǔ)言形式。而對(duì)于譯者來(lái)說(shuō)，應(yīng)該在頭腦中沖破這個(gè)“桎梏”，一切從整體情景出發(fā)，該怎么理解就怎么翻譯。

      1. He sang sentimentally, if a little hoarsely, about his passion for the sea, which we knew he had never seen.

      2. After a song, the lady was persuaded to give an encore, which was loudly applauded.

      3. I would listen with one part of my mind, which was interested, but wonder with the other part whether one day I might wind up like Grandma Mary myself.