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Surrogacy businesses in China are expecting a new wave of customers following the Chinese government's announcement that it would end its decades-long one-child policy and allow all couples to have a second child, the Global Times learned on Tuesday.
環球時報周二了解到，由于中國政府結束幾十年的獨生子政策，很多代孕機構市場將迎來大波的新客戶。
The Communist Party of China Central Committee announced on October 29 at the end of a four-day plenary session in Beijing that the country will ease its family planning policy and allow all couples to have two children in order to help deal with the aging population.
10月29日，為期4天的中國共產黨全會在北京召開，會議決定放寬計劃生育政策，全面放開二胎政策以此來緩解人口老齡化的社會問題。
This historic move overturns rules that have limited urban Chinese to one child and restricted the number of children rural Chinese can have since the 1970s. But it has come too late for older parents - those in their late 30s and 40s - who have longed for a second child but have stopped being physically able to have them at the same time as they have been given the legal green light to do so.
這項歷史性政策結束了自上世紀70年代以來，中國嚴格限制農村人口和嚴格控制城市獨生子的政策。但這一生二胎合法化的政策對于三四十歲的夫婦為時已晚，因為他們已經錯過了最佳生育年齡所具備的的身體條件。
Those who are determined to give their child a sibling are considering alternative methods.
這一政策給予那些想給孩子一個兄弟姐妹的夫妻一個新的選擇余地。
A week after the announcement, several surrogacy agencies reached by the Global Times said there has been an increase in the number of people reaching out to them about having a second child through a surrogate mother.
這項政策宣布一周之后，環球時報采訪了解到一些代孕機構迎來了大批的新顧客，他們想通過代孕媽媽來得到得到第二個孩子。
Legal loopholes
法律漏洞
Surrogacy involves having a woman carry and give birth to a baby on behalf of a couple, either using the couple's sperm and eggs or donated material to create a child through in-vitro fertilization.
代孕過程就是一個婦女通過一對夫婦的精子和卵子來孕育和生產一個孩子，或者通過捐贈的東西進行體外受精來生育孩子。
"There are three types of customers; the first type is those who are too old to risk giving birth to a child or due to the fact that the eggs of those aged over 35 have a bigger chance of having chromosomal abnormalities. The second type is those who have problems with the womb," said a staff member of a Shanghai surrogacy agency, surnamed Li."The third type is those who want to decide the gender of the embryo," Li said.
“代孕機構有三種顧客，一種是年齡超越生育最佳年齡，生孩子有風險，那些年齡在35歲之上的夫婦有很大幾率會有染色體變異的危險。第二種是女士子宮有問題，”上海一名在代孕機構的姓李的工作人員說道，“而第三種就是想決定胚胎的性別。”
Surrogacy was officially forbidden in China after the government ruled in 2001 that no medical organizations or personnel are allowed to be involved in any form of surrogacy. Any violators face a fine of up to 30,000 yuan ($4,730) and have to bear criminal responsibility.
自2001年政府出臺政策后，代孕是被官方禁止的行為，任何機構和個人不得有任何代孕的行為。任何違反者將會受到3萬元（4730美金）的罰款甚至刑事責任。
However, many surrogacy agencies continue to operate, with many of them arguing that the law only banned hospitals and medical organizations from engaging in surrogacy but did not ban surrogacy organizations or agencies.
然而，很多代孕機構依舊進行，他們聲稱法律只是嚴禁醫院和醫療組織進行代孕，而并沒有禁止代孕機構這樣做。
These organizations and agencies charge from 350,000 to 2,000,000 yuan for their whole package, from medical checks to delivering the baby.
這些代孕機構收費在35萬到200萬之間，包括從醫療檢查到孩子接生為止的整套代孕服務。
Despite these organizations and agencies claiming that surrogacy is safe, experts do not recommend women over 35 using their eggs for surrogacy.
盡管這些代孕機構聲稱代孕是很安全的，但專家不建議35歲以上的女士用自己的卵子代孕。
"The success rate when using the egg of a woman aged below 35 is 80 percent, and it drops to 60 percent afterwards and even lower after 40 years old. Even if the egg and sperm have been fertilized and implanted into the surrogate mother, there is still a risk of miscarriage," a doctor surnamed Fang, who has been working for eight years at a surrogacy company based in Guangzhou, explained.
“35歲以下的女士卵子的成功率為80%，35-40歲的女士成功率跌至60%，而40歲以上的女士成功率會更低。即使精子和卵子形成胚胎并植入到代孕媽媽體內，還會有流產的風險，”在深圳一家代孕公司工作的一名姓方的醫生說。
Li Mei, the head of the advanced laboratory of the Reproductive Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, said that the issues around surrogacy are what led the government to ban it.
李梅，山東大學附屬生殖醫院先進實驗室的主任說道，代孕問題會受到政府禁止的。
"Surrogacy had led to many conflicts before it was banned, such as surrogate mothers refusing to give the child to the intended parents and the parents not enjoying sufficient legal protection. Also, surrogate mothers' welfare is not safeguarded as they have to bear all the risk of giving birth," Li said.
“在代孕被禁止之前就有很多問題存在著，比如代孕媽媽拒絕將胎兒交給預計的父母，父母不能充分享有法律保護。而且，代孕媽媽的安危并沒有保障，因為她們將會承受所有的聲韻風險，”李醫生說道。
Parents' dilemma
父母的困惑
Meanwhile, parents who look to having a second child are also facing a dilemma as many of them have passed their "golden age."
同時，想到二胎的父母也會面臨一些困惑，因為很多已經錯過了最佳生育年齡。
A father from Jiangsu Province surnamed Wang, aged 37 said that he and his wife want to have a second child but at the same time they are worried it might be hard for them to take care of a second baby.
來自于江蘇的王先生，37歲，他和妻子想要二胎，但同時又擔心他們照顧好二胎有些難。
"It is about responsibility, money and time. We both have jobs and our parents are too old to help us with the child. Also, we are worried that our income will not always be enough to support us. By the time the child is 20, we will be 60 years old," he explained.
“養育二胎需要責任，金錢和時間，我們都工作，并且雙方父母年齡大，不能幫我們照顧孩子。而且我們擔心我們的收入不能永遠完全支撐我們。還有當孩子20歲時，我們將會60歲了，”他解釋說。
