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4.Alexander Pushkin
4．亞歷山大·普希金
Alexander Pushkin was notoriously irascible and sensitive about his honor. It's amazing that he even reached the ripe old age of 37, for in his short life, he was involved in at least 29 duels, the last of which saw him killed. He dueled over slights about his verse, insults directed at his friends, women he was courting, arguments at the dinner table, comments about his appalling manners, and even over the weather.
普希金是出了名的脾氣暴躁，對自己的榮譽特別敏感。他能活到37歲簡直就是奇跡。他短暫的一生中至少參與了29次決斗，他正是死于最后一次。只要有人輕視了他的詩句，侮辱了他的朋友或他追求的女人，在飯桌上與他爭吵，指點了他可怕的舉止，甚至是談論天氣意見不和都會收到他的決斗挑戰。
In 1822, he fought an army officer after accusing him of cheating at cards. Pushkin calmly stood eating cherries while his opponent took aim, but the man failed to land his target. In a final act of insouciant contempt, Pushkin refused to return fire, an indication that he thought his opponent not even worth the powder and shot. He was a curious mix of volatile testosterone and crippling insecurity.
1822年， 他指責一名軍官在打牌時耍詐而和他打了一架。對方拔槍的時候普希金還在悠閑地吃著櫻桃，好在沒有打中。普希金不屑還擊，他漫不經心的態度表明他覺得對手并不值得他動手。他絕對是個暴躁的危險分子。
Pushkin spent his youth in St. Petersburg drinking, gambling, and womanizing while nominally working for the Foreign Ministry. He wrote verses and joined an anti-Czarist organization, for which he was exiled to Odessa in 1820, where he continued to court other men's wives and cause trouble. He was exiled again to his parents' estates for atheism before being freed by the Czar in 1826. Pushkin remained under surveillance by the secret police until he died.
普希金在圣彼得堡度過他的青年時代，名義上是在外交部工作，實際上整天就是酗酒，賭博，玩女人。他寫詩，還加入了反沙皇組織，因此1820年被流放到敖德薩，在那他不斷追求有夫之婦，四處惹是生非。他在1826年被沙皇釋放之前又因為無神論被剝奪了父母遺產的繼承權。普希金余生在密探的監視中生活，直到去世。
Pushkin was frequently in debt despite coming from an aristocratic family. One of his ancestors had been an Ethiopian who entered the Imperial service in Russia. Pushkin cultivated a wild, Byronic image and is remembered as the great poet of Russian Romanticism. It may not come as a surprise that his great verse-novel, Eugene Onegin, is structured around a duel and a love triangle.
盡管出身于貴族家庭，普希金常常負債累累。他的一位前輩是曾經為俄羅斯皇家服務的埃塞俄比亞人。普希金是狂野的拜倫式英雄也是俄羅斯浪漫主義偉大詩人?？纯此娜松?，也難怪他偉大的詩歌小說《尤金·奧涅金》是圍繞著決斗和三角戀的故事展開的。
His marriage to 17-year-old Natalya Goncharova proved to be his undoing. The Czar fancied her for himself and humiliated Pushkin by giving him the lowest court position possible to keep him and his wife at court. Other suitors followed, including the French emigre Baron D'Anthes, who married the sister of Natalya just to continue his courtship of her. Pushkin, driven mad by rumors that he was a cuckold, demanded a duel with D'Anthes. In deep snow, Pushkin was killed by the Frenchman's shot.
他與17歲娜塔莉亞·察洛娃的婚姻導致了他的毀滅。因為沙皇自己愛上了這個女孩，為了報復普希金，給他安排了宮廷里最低的職位來羞辱他。隨后娜塔莉亞其他的追求者也接踵而來，包括法國男爵德·安特斯，他娶了娜塔莉亞的妹妹實際上是為了和娜塔莉亞再續前緣。普希金被自己戴了綠帽子的傳言折磨得要瘋了，于是他要求與德·安特斯決斗。在厚厚的積雪中，他死在了這個法國人的槍下。
