1、maintain

維持;保持

The Department maintains many close contacts with the chemical industry.

這個部門與化工行業保持著眾多密切的聯系。

Push yourself to make friends and to maintain the friendships.

要求自己與人交友并保持友誼。

斷言;宣稱;堅稱

He has maintained that the money was donated for international purposes.

他堅稱這筆捐款將用于國際用途。

Prosecutors maintain no deal was made.

原告堅持說不存在任何交易。

保持，維持（在某一比率或水平上）

The government was right to maintain interest rates at a high level.

政府維持高利率的做法是正確的。

action is required to ensure standards are maintained at as high a level as possible.

要求采取行動確保標準維持在盡量高的水平上。

2、primitive

原始的；遠古的；未開化的

studies of primitive societies.

對原始社會的研究

primitive tribes.

原始部落

（動植物）原始的，低等的，進化初期的

primitive whales.

原始鯨

Primitive humans needed to be able to react like this to escape from dangerous animals.

原始人必須要能作出這樣的反應以逃避危險的動物。

古老的；簡陋的

The conditions are primitive by any standards.

無論用什么標準來衡量，其條件都很簡陋。

The primitive surgery of those days left him virtually deaf in one ear.

那時候簡陋的外科手術讓他一只耳朵幾乎失聰。