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日本人為何不憎恨美國?
In August 1945, the United States dropped two atom bombs on Japan, killing hundreds of thousands of Japanese citizens and ending World War II. But despite this devastating attack, less than a century later, Japan and the United States have become close political and social allies. In 2011, 85% of Japanese people polled viewed the US favorably. So,why doesn’t Japan hate the US?
1945年8月，美國向日本投放了兩顆原子彈，造成數十萬日本人死亡，第二次世界大戰宣告結束。但是，盡管美國對日本發動了這起毀滅性的襲擊，不到一百年之后，日本和美國卻成為親密的政治和社會盟友。2011年，85%的日本人支持美國。那么，日本為什么不恨美國呢？
One of the big reasons is that at the time of the war, Japan was ruled by Emperor Shōwa. His policies plunged the country into financial crisis and increased military power. During the Second Sino-Japanese War and World War II he authorized war crimes and ordered Japanese civilians to commit suicide instead of being captured. This made him a feared and unlikeable figure in Japanese history.
其中最大的一個原因是，戰爭時期，日本是由昭和天皇統治的。他的政策導致國家陷入財政危機，軍力增強。第二次中日戰爭和第二次世界大戰期間，他認可戰爭罪，下令日本平民自殺，而不是被俘。這讓他成為日本歷史上一個令人恐懼，不討喜的人物。
The end of the war also had a silver lining. Neither Japan nor the US stood any chance of invading each other, meaning that the protracted sea battle was going to continue indefinitely.
戰爭的結束對他們來說是柳暗花明。日本和美國沒有任何機會互相入侵，這意味著漫長的海戰將會無限期繼續。
On top of that, the USSR had also just joined the war against Japan. With the war over, Japan’s communist neighbors threatened their existence. But from 1945 to Japan’s independence in 1952, the United States occupied and rebuilt the country with a heavy emphasis on growth and stability. They promoted New Deal policies to help the economy, pushed for labor rights and unions, and dismantled existing monopolies, and overhauled the education system. They also freely shared technologies, pushing Japan into eventually becoming a manufacturing giant.
除此之外，蘇聯也剛剛加入打擊日本的戰爭。戰爭結束后，日本的共產主義鄰國威脅到它的存在。但是從1945年到1952年日本獨立，美國占領并重建了這個國家，強調發展和穩定。他們推出了新政來幫助經濟發展，促進勞工權利和工會，瓦解了現存的壟斷制度，改革了教育體系。他們還自由地分享技術，推動日本成為生產強國。
And introduced democracy and a new constitution, letting the Japanese people hold elections for the first time.
民主制度和新的憲法讓日本人首次參與選舉。
Essentially, American involvement in post-war Japan, along with their significant financial support, launched the country into one of the biggest economic recoveries in recent history. Today, Japan has the fifth largest economy and is the fifth largest exporter in the world. The US is Japan’s strongest economic partner, and as a result of their intervention, the US has enjoyed consuming Japan’s exports, particularly cars and electronics.
從本質上來說，美國參與了戰后日本的發展，并為他們提供了重大的財政支持，使日本在近代史上發生了規模最大的經濟復蘇。今天，日本是全球第五大經濟體，也是全世界第五大出口國。美國是日本最強大的經濟合作伙伴，而且由于他們的干預，美國得以享受日本出口的商品，尤其是汽車和電子產品。
Additionally, the two countries share a Mutual Security Assistance Pact, which essentially says that both countries will militarily defend each other from any foreign attacks.
此外，兩國共享安全互助協議，也就是說兩國從軍事上互相保衛，抵御外國入侵。
These efforts, in addition to lessened tensions as subsequent generations have shifted their priorities, has led to a close and complementary relationship between the two countries.
這些努力除了緩解兩國緊張關系，讓世世代代轉移重心之外，也讓兩國之間建立了親密的互補關系。
