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我們?yōu)槭裁慈菀谆ǚ圻^敏
So spring time is upon us, and the weather is beautiful! Flowers are blooming and people are breaking out their shorts and t-shirts.
春天是一個很美麗的季節(jié)。鮮花盛開，人們穿著短襪和T恤外出踏青。
But, if you’re like me, you’re miserable,and stuck at home with a runny-nosed and puffy eyes.
但是，如果你像我一樣，你肯定就非常痛苦，眼睛腫脹，還老是流鼻涕。
But why do we have to suffer from the horrible allergies?
但是我們?yōu)槭裁匆馐苓@種可怕的過敏癥狀？
“An allergy is actually a mistake that the immune system is making. Normally we’d make antibodies to fight germs,or recognize germs, but in this case the immune system has made a mistake,it’s making an antibody that recognizes harmless things such as pollens or animal dander.”
“過敏是免疫系統(tǒng)犯的一個錯誤。通常情況下我們會產生抗體來抵抗細菌，或者識別細菌，但是當免疫系統(tǒng)犯錯的時候，抗體會把無害的東西識別為有害的東西，比如花粉或動物皮屑。”
Inside every allergy sufferer, there lies an immune system that mistakenly produces an antibody known as immunoglobin E.
在每一個過敏患者體內，他們的免疫系統(tǒng)都會錯誤地產生一種名叫免疫球蛋白E的抗體。
When these unfortunate people breathe in the pollen,the antibody triggers an allergic reaction. But we’re not just talking about any kind of pollen, here.
當容易過敏的人吸入花粉的時候，抗體會引發(fā)過敏反應。但是我們說的并不是任何種類的花粉。
It’s commonly thought that allergy-causing pollen comes from big, pretty flowers like this,
(Big Yellow sunflower image on screen).
人們通常認為，會導致過敏的花粉來自這種非常大，非常漂亮的花。
But actually, that pollen is too heavy to go airborne.
實際上，這種花粉太重了，不能通過空氣傳播。
Allergies are caused by pollens from trees and grasses that are small and light enough to be carried by the wind.
過敏由比較小，比較輕，足夠風力傳播的樹木和青草的花粉導致。
“When the immune system, somebody who’s allergic,recognizes these pollens, the immunoglobin E.activates cells of the immune system, mast cells,and these mast cells will release chemicals that cause allergic reactions.
“當容易過敏的人的免疫系統(tǒng)識別到這些花粉時，免疫球蛋白E激活了免疫系統(tǒng)細胞，肥大細胞，這些細胞會釋放出導致過敏反應的化學物質。”
One of the most well-known chemicals that cause reactions is histamine.
導致過敏反應的最廣為人知的化學物質就是組胺。
Histamine is a small organic molecule and how histamine works is as a small chemical messenger,finds a receptor that’s on many, many cells of the body called a histamine receptor and sends that cell a message.
組胺是一種小的有機分子，組胺作為一個小的化學信使，找到體內許多叫做組胺接收器的細胞，向這些細胞傳遞信息。
For example blood vessels when it binds to that receptor it tells the blood vessel to become leaky,which causes the runny nose that you get or for example they can cause receptors on nerves which the histamine will activate and that gives you the sensation of itchy nose that you might feel during pollen exposure.”
比如，當血管綁定到這個接收器的時候，它會告訴血管變得容易滲漏，當你置身花粉中的時候導致流鼻涕，或者激活神經上的接收器，讓你感到鼻子瘙癢。
So if you’re wheezing and sneezing this spring,try to stay indoors early in the morning when there’s more pollen floating around.
所以，如果你春季哮喘或者打噴嚏，清晨花粉四處飄散的時候最好待在室內。
But if you have to go out there, at least pack some tissues! And maybe some anti-histamines.
但是如果你必須外出，最好裝一些紙巾。或者也帶一些抗組織胺藥物。
