1993年 翻譯延伸
1、The method of scientific investigation is nothing but the expression of the necessary mode of working of the human mind; it is simply the mode by which all phenomena are reasoned about and given precise and exact explanations.
【分析】
并列復合句。分號連接兩個分句。第一個分句的主干為 The method is nothing but the expression;of the necessary mode of working of the human mind 是 expression的后置定語,前置譯。第二個分句的主干為 it is the mode,后跟which引導的定語從句修飾限制the mode,由于定語從句較短,前置譯為“的”字結構。
【點撥】
1、nothing but “僅僅,只不過”。2、mode“方式,樣式;模式;狀態”。3、reason about“推理,思考”。
【譯文】
科學研究的方法不過是人類思維活動的必要表達方式,也就是對一切現象進行思索并給予精確而嚴謹解釋的表達方式。
2、It is not that the scales in the one case, and the balance in the other, differ in the principles of their construction or manner of working; but that the latter is a much finer apparatus and of course much more accurate in its measurement than the former.
【分析】
復合句。整個句子的主干為It is not that...;but that…。兩個that均引導表語從句。第一個從句的主干為 the scales…and the balance…differ;介詞短語 in the one case和in the other作狀語,分別指代前文提到的兩個例子,翻譯時需具體化,并譯作前置定語;狀語in the principles of their construction or manner of working 按照漢語習慣,可譯于謂語動詞differ之前。第二個從句的主干為 the latter is a much finer apparatus and … much more accurate …than the former; in its measurement 作狀語,前置譯;than the former可譯于該分句句 首“與前者相比”。
【點撥】
finer因為修飾的是appraturus“設備、裝置”,所以譯為“精密的,高質量的”。
【譯文】
這不是說面包師或賣肉者所用的秤與化學家所用的天平在構造原理或工作方式上存在區別,而是說與前者相比,后者是一種精密得多的裝置,因而在計量上必然更準確。
n. 建設,建造,結構,構造,建筑物