2004 考研英語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)難句
5、Being interested in the relationship of language and thought, Whorf developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought in a society.
【分析】復(fù)合句。句子主干為Whorf developed the idea… 后跟that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句,對(duì)idea加以解釋。同位語(yǔ)從句的翻譯可以加冒號(hào)分譯處理,也可以譯為idea 的定語(yǔ)。Being interested in...為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作原因狀語(yǔ),可以加上邏輯主語(yǔ)Whorf,譯為主謂句,但后面需 要加上表示因果關(guān)系的連詞表明和主句的關(guān)系,如“因此”,“因而”,“所以”等。
【點(diǎn)撥】1、句中develop與idea搭配,是“形成,得出”的意思,不可譯為“發(fā)展”。2、habitual thought“習(xí)慣性思維”。
【譯文】沃爾夫?qū)φZ(yǔ)言與思維的關(guān)系很感興趣,因此他形成了這樣一種觀點(diǎn):在一個(gè)社會(huì)中,語(yǔ)言的結(jié)構(gòu)決定習(xí)慣性思維的結(jié)構(gòu)。
6、Whorf came to believe in sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongest form, states that language imprisons the mind, and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce fa-reaching consequences for the culture of a society.
【分析】多重復(fù)合句。句子主干為Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism。 which 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,修飾linguistic determinism。定語(yǔ)從句中,in its strongest form states為插入語(yǔ),states后跟兩個(gè)并列的由and 連接的賓語(yǔ)從句: that language imprisons the mind 和 that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society。由于which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句較長(zhǎng),可作分譯處理,其中嵌套的賓語(yǔ)從句按順序翻譯。
【點(diǎn)撥】1、come to表示一種轉(zhuǎn)變,可譯為“逐漸”。 2、imprison原意為“把…關(guān)在監(jiān)獄中,囚禁”,本句中含義為“束縛思想,禁錮頭腦”。
【譯文】沃爾夫逐漸相信某種語(yǔ)言決定論觀點(diǎn),其極端說(shuō)法是:語(yǔ)言禁錮思維,語(yǔ)言的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)能對(duì)一個(gè)社會(huì)的文化產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)的影響。