2006 考研英語長難句

1、I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in Socratic way about moral problems.

【分析】復合句。句子主干為I shall define him as an individual。who引導的定語從句修飾individual,其主干為 who has elected …as …；as his primary duty and pleasure in life為賓語補足語；elected的賓語為the activity of thinking in Socratic way about moral problems， 由于較長放在了補足語的后面。翻譯時由于定語從句較長，可采用同位語從句的譯法，用先行詞加冒號進行處理。

【點撥】l define…as…“將…定義為…”。2、elect…as “選擇…作為/當”，鑒于從句中的動賓分隔現象，翻譯時應按照漢語習慣，譯為“選擇…的行為作為…”。

【譯文】我將其定義為這樣一個人：他選擇用蘇格拉底的方式思考道德問題，并以此作為生命中的主要職責和樂趣。

2、His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obviousa manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.

【分析】多重復合句。句子主干為His function is analogous to that of a judge, who引導定語從句修飾a judge。定語從句中of revealing…作obligation的后置定語，翻譯時可以按照漢語習慣譯為前置定語，也可用加冒號的方法進行處理；in as obvious a manner as possible為方式狀語，用來說明revealing的方式，翻譯時應置于謂語動詞之前；the course of…為revealing 的賓語，其中又包含which引導的定語從句修飾the course of reasoning, which引導的定語從句較短，可直接譯為“的”字結構。翻譯時who引導的整個定語從句較長，可單獨成句。

【點撥】l、function 此句中不可譯為“功能、用途”，根據語境his，譯作“作用、職責”。 2、be analogous to“類似于”。?

【譯文】他的職責與法官相似，即他必須承擔這樣的責任：用盡可能明了的方式來展示自己做出最后決定的播推理過程。