7. However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans,or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet,an unanswered question.

【分析】多重復合句。兩個whether引導的從句并列作主句主語，is是系動詞，an unanswered question是表語。 第一個從句為“主語+不及物動詞+狀語”結構；第二個從句的主語是it，指代上一從句的主語such a sense of fairness，謂語是 stems frorm，that引導的定語從句修飾賓語the common ancestor。
【譯文】但是這種公平感是由卷尾猴和人各自獨立演化而成，還是來自3,500萬年前它們共聞的祖先，到目前這還是一個懸而未決的問題。

8. Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didn't know for sure?That the evidence was inconclusive,the science uncertain?That the antismoking lobby was out to destroy our way of life and the government should stay out of the way?

【分析】多重復合句。雖然本句有三個問號，其實是一個句子。主語為you，謂語為remember，賓語為all those years。when引導的定語從句修飾all those years，其主干為 scientists argued that…but the doubters insisted that…That…That…。定語從句中嵌套四個賓語從句，第一個為謂語用argued的賓語，后三個為謂語insisted的賓語。
【譯文】還記得科學家們認為吸煙會致人死亡，而懷疑者們卻堅持認為我們無法對此得出定論的時候嗎？還得出懷疑者們堅持認為缺乏決定性的證據，科學也確定的時候嗎？還記得懷疑者們堅持認為反對吸煙的游說是為了毀掉我們的生活方式，而政府應該置身事外的時候嗎？