5. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber.

【分析】復合句。本句主干為the other either tossed her own token... or refused to accept the slice of cucumber，其中包含either…or結構。if引導條件狀語從句，其主干為 one received a grape，介詞短語 without...all作伴隨狀語。
【譯文】如果一只猴子根本無需用代帀就能得到一顆葡萄的話，另外一只猴子就會將代帀擲向研究人員或扔出房間外，或者拒絕接受那片黃瓜。
【點撥】1）token名詞時，意為“標志”或“代幣”，本句中意思是作形容詞時，意為“標志性的”或“裝樣子的，敷衍的”。2）in exchange“作為交換”， 常跟for連用。

6. Refusing a lesser reward completely make these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group.

【分析】簡單句。動名詞結構refusing a lesser reward作主語，謂語為 make,abundantly clear to other members of the group作賓語these feelings的補足語。
【譯文】拒絕接受較少的酬勞完全將這些情緒準確無誤地傳遞給群體內其他成員。