11. But science does provide us with the best available guide to the future,and it is critical that our nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments that science can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions.
【分析】并列多重復合句。and連接兩個并列分句。前一分句的主干為science...provide us with…guide,其中does對謂語起強調作用,to the future是賓語guide的后置定語。后一分句的主干為it is critical that...,其中it為形式主語,真正主語是that引導的主語從句,其主干為our nation and the world base important policies on...judgments。 judgments 后接兩個定語結構:that引導的定語從句和介詞短語concerning...。因critical表示“重要的”,主語從句使用了虛擬語氣,動詞base前省略了should。
【譯文】但是科學確實為我們的未來提供了最好的指導,關鍵是我們的國家和其他國家在做重要決策時,應該以科學能夠提供給我們最好判斷作為依據,這些判斷涉及人類現在的行為對未來的影響。
12 . Just as on smoking, voices now come from many quarters insisting that the science about global warming is incomplete, that it's OK to keep pouring fumes into the air until we know for sure.
【分析】多重復合句。句子主干為:voices...come from many quarters。句首just as…作比較狀語,意為“正如···”?,F在分詞結構insisting...作voices的后置定語,其中包含兩個由that引導的賓語從句,第二個賓語從句中it作形式主語,真正主語由不定式短語充當,從句until we know for sure 作時間狀語。
【譯文】就像吸煙問題一樣,現在來自許多領域的意見堅持認為有關全球變暖的科學還不完整,在我們證實這件亊之前可以向大氣中不斷地排放氣體。