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【The situation of china's social security system】中國社保現(xiàn)狀你知多少？
China has the world's largest population, consisting of nearly 20% of the world's people. As economic development has sped up in recent years, the government has been working to establish an integrated social security system.
中國是世界上人口最多的國家，擁有近20%的世界人口。近年來隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展加快，政府一直致力于建立全面的社會保障體系。
The social security ministry says China has already established the world’s biggest pension insurance system, 8 years ahead of schedule. More than 700 million people are covered under the scheme, with social security payments rising as well.
社會保障部表示，中國已經(jīng)建立了世界上最大的養(yǎng)老保險制度，這比計(jì)劃提前了8年。目前超過7億人覆蓋在保障體系下，與此同時社會保障金也在逐年增長。
Chen Lingmin lives in the Tian Shui Yuan community in Beijing. She and her husband both retired from state-owned companies about 10 years ago. Now the couple’s total pension is up to nearly 6,000 yuan.
陳靈敏家住北京天水社區(qū)，十年前她和丈夫從國企退休，現(xiàn)在他兩的退休金達(dá)到近6000元。
Chen said, “I got my first pension in 1997. It was only about 500 yuan a month. Now I get 2,500 yuan every month. It’s more than enough for me and my husband to live on. Our living standards have continued to rise and I’m quite contented.”
陳說：“1997年我第一次拿到養(yǎng)老金，那時一個月只有500元，現(xiàn)在每個月能領(lǐng)2500元。這些錢我和我丈夫都夠用了。我們的生活水平在不斷提高，我很滿意。”
China has raised the basic level of enterprise pension insurance eight times since 2005. The 2012 audit report of the national social security fund says average monthly pensions have gone up from about 700 yuan in 2005 to about 1,500 yuan in 2011 - that’s more than 10 percent above inflation. The number of people covered by enterprise pension insurance in 2011 is almost twice of the number in 2005.
與2005年相比，中國企業(yè)養(yǎng)老保險基本水平已經(jīng)提高了8倍。2012年全國社會保障基金審計(jì)報告顯示，每月平均養(yǎng)老金已從2005年的700元左右增加到2011 的1500元左右-比通貨膨脹高出10%以上。2011年企業(yè)養(yǎng)老保險覆蓋人數(shù)也幾乎達(dá)到了2005年的兩倍之多。
China has launched more than twenty social security policies since 2005. Coverage of the basic pension insurance scheme has been largely expanded, covering more than 700 million residents so far.
自2005年以來，中國推出了二十多項(xiàng)社會保障政策。到目前為止，基本養(yǎng)老保險制度已經(jīng)遍地開花，普及7億多居民。
Basic medical insurance reached the whole country by the end of 2011. Other social insurances for unemployment, work injury and maternity have also been improved.
2011年底，基本醫(yī)療保險覆蓋全國，其他社會保險如失業(yè)、工傷、生育也已經(jīng)有所改善。
Chu Fuling, director of China Social Security Research Center, said, "China’s social security system has made huge progress.The mechanism covers all residents in both urban and rural areas. Take the pension insurance for example. There are three types of this insurance, respectively provided to employed and unemployed urban residents and rural residents. The population coverage and the level of social insurance have also been increasing."
中國社會保障研究中心主任褚福靈說：“中國的社會保障體系已經(jīng)取得了巨大的進(jìn)步。這個機(jī)制涵蓋了城市和農(nóng)村的所有居民。以養(yǎng)老保險為例，有三種這類型的保險，分別為就業(yè)、失業(yè)的城市居民和農(nóng)村居民提供，人口覆蓋率和社會保險水平也在一直增加。”
But as China faces an ageing population, there are some concerns.
但隨著中國面臨人口老齡化，仍有一些擔(dān)憂。
Some worry that China’s pension fund might have a deficit. Some are calling for the retirement age to be extended.
一些人擔(dān)心中國養(yǎng)老基金可能會出現(xiàn)赤字，一些人呼吁延長退休年齡。
Chu said, "China’s pension fund doesn’t have any deficit. The 2012 audit report says China’s social security fund enjoys a surplus of about 3,300 billion yuan. As for the retirement age, the average life span in China has increased a lot since the establishment of our country. Policy makers will consider extending retirement age in the future."
褚福靈表示：“中國養(yǎng)老基金不會出現(xiàn)任何赤字。2012年審計(jì)報告顯示，中國社保基金擁有盈余約3.3萬億元。至于退休年齡，自建國以來中國人口平均壽命延長了很多。未來決策者將考慮延長退休年齡。”
In addition to the social insurance system, China has also made efforts to build better social assistance schemes and social welfare systems.
除了社會保險制度，中國同樣在努力建立更好的社會救助計(jì)劃和社會福利體系。
Reporter: “China’s social security system has made great achievement in the past decade. But experts point out that there is still a gap between China and the developed counties in this field. China needs more efforts to focus on improving the social security mechanism and the level of management.”
記者：“在過去十年，中國社會保障體系已經(jīng)取得了很大的成就。但專家指出，這一領(lǐng)域與發(fā)達(dá)國家仍有差距。中國需更加努力致力于提高社會保障機(jī)制和管理水平。”
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