第一，中國制定了節能減排的法律和政策框架。

First, on the legal and policy front.

中國在制定2006-2010年的第十一個“五年計劃”時，第一次提出了應對氣候變化的具體目標，包括降低單位GDP能耗20%。

China set forward a voluntary reduction program for 2006 to 2010 period, including 20% reduction in energy intensity per unit of GDP.

為實現這個目標，中國修訂了《節約能源法》、《可再生能源法》等法律，制定了嚴格的節能指標考核制度，完不成任務的地方領導人將面臨嚴格的問責制。

To achieve this, we amended the Law on Energy Saving and the Law on Renewable Energy. We’ve also set up a strict evaluation system for energy efficiency. This enables the central government to hold provincial leaders accountable for meeting energy efficiency targets.

上個月，中央政府在網站上公布了2008年各省區節能目標考核結果。全國31個省區中，26個省為“超額完成”或“完成”等級。由于增加了透明度，未完成目標的省區面臨公眾很大的壓力。

Last month, the evaluation result for 2008 was released on the web for all to access. Out of 31 provinces and regions, 26 fulfilled emission reduction targets. One can’t underscore enough the importance of having such transparency as it places great pressure on those who are not meeting the target.

從表格上可以看出來，北京市做得不錯，超額完成了當年指標，而且已完成了2010年20%目標的17%。而新疆則落后了一些，如期完成目標有很大困難，需要得到許多支持。

Beijing is doing better, over-fulfilling its target for 2008, with over 7%. I am sure the Olympics helped. It has already achieved over 17% for the 20% target of 2010. At the bottom, you can see Xinjiang. It is lagging far behind and looks unlikely to meet the target and would need a lot of help.

第二，采取嚴格的產業政策，鼓勵清潔發展。

Secondly, now the industries have to take very tough decisions to achieve clean development.

政府嚴格控制新建高排放、高污染項目，淘汰現有落后產能。可以理解，落實這項措施一開始會很困難，遇到一些阻力，因為關閉高污染企業意味著就業崗位的損失。

Projects with high emission can no longer go ahead and some existing high emitters are being phased out. It is understandably difficult to push through such reforms and there is, inevitably, resistance. Being a developing country, shutting down factories means job losses for many who need them.

比如，中國提出5年內拆除淘汰5000萬千瓦（50GW）老發電機裝機容量的目標提前一年半完成，使單位發電的煤耗降低了20%。但這項措施導致40萬人面臨再就業問題。

For example, we have achieved cutting down the average consumption of coal per unit of power by 20%, by demolishing the high-polluting and inefficient power plants. But it led to the loss of 400,000 jobs.

第三，大力發展清潔替代能源。

So the third point is that we have increased and will continue to increase the percentage of cleaner alternative energy sources.

低碳和新能源產業正在成為中國經濟的新亮點，許多英國公司也在與中國開展清潔能源項目的合作。今年1-9月,中國新增發電裝機容量中，清潔能源占到1/3。

Low-carbon and energy conservation have become new growth sectors in China. Many British companies are actively involved in clean development projects in China. In the first 9 months of this year, clean energy contributed a third of China’s newly added power capacity.

目前，中國在太陽能熱水器使用、太陽能光伏發電累計容量和水電裝機容量方面均居世界第一。你們可能還不知道，1/10的中國家庭用上了太陽能，在中國可以看到許多新住宅的屋頂上裝上了太陽能板。我自己家的公寓也是使用太陽能供熱的，據家里人說今年冬天的使用效果很好。中國人對清潔能源如此熱衷，表明我們下決心追求更美好的未來。