5.在翻譯“古往今來,旅游一直是人們增長知識、豐富閱歷、強健體魄的美好追求。”時,還是要理解在先。在我們用母語講話時,有些用法不一定完全合乎語法要求,但聽眾一樣能理解并接受我們的表達,這是由于我們都處在同一個語境中,有相同的上下文和類似的背景知識,所以交流并不成問題。但譯員在翻譯時就要動動腦筋,不能機械地按照自己聽到的字詞進行一對一的翻譯。以本句為例,說旅游是一種美好追求,應該說這并不是一個常用的搭配。但稍經分析,就可發現此句實際是在說通過旅游,人們可以實現增長知識、豐富閱歷、強健體魄的美好追求;或是旅游體現了人們 的美好追求。故此句可譯成:
“tourism has demonstrated the happy wish of the people for more knowledge, varied experience and good health” 或可譯成:“tourism is a process through which people can realize their pursue for knowledge, varied experience and good health”。
6.‘在古代,中國先哲們就提出了“觀國之光”的思想,倡導“讀萬卷書,行萬里路”,游歷 名山大川,承天地之靈氣,接山水之精華。’經理解、整理后譯為:“In ancient times, ancient Chinese thinkers raised the idea of "appreciating the landscape through sightseeing". Ancient People also proposed to "travel ten thousand li and read ten thousand books'', which shows they found pleasure in enriching themselves mentally and physically through traveling over famous mountains and rivers.” 譯文中 “which shows they found pleasure in ”是譯者的補充,以承上啟下,體現邏輯關系。另外,“承天地之靈氣,接山水之精華”是典型的古漢語表達,萬萬不可機械翻譯。可權宜解釋為:“enriching themselves mentally and physically”.在翻譯某些獨具文化特色的語言現象時,要在充分理解的基礎上,通過適當解釋來達到翻譯的目的,切不可字字對應地去翻譯,或是望文生義、想當然地將其譯成目的語中看似對應的表達。
7.“目前,中國入境旅游人數和旅游外匯收入躍居世界前列,出境旅游人數迅速增加,已經成 為旅游大國。”譯成英文:
"Presently,China is already a big tourism country who ranks among the top destinations in the world in terms of both tourist arrivals and foreign currency receipts, and whose outbound tourists are also increasing rapidly.”
在原文被譯成英文后,表達順序作了適當調整。這是由于漢語表達的習慣是先分述、再總結;先描述、再結論;而英語表達正好相反。另外,由于英漢語表達習慣不同,“中國入境旅游人數和旅游外匯收入躍居世界前列”被譯成英文:“(China) ranks among the top destinations in the world in terms of both tourist arrivals and foreign currency receipts.”