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Telling people to change unhealthy behaviors doesn't work. Otherwise, we would all already be slim, fit, nonsmokers.
直接勸誡別人改掉壞習慣根本不起作用。否則我們現在早已變得苗條，健美，也早已不是煙民了。
Whether it's habit, the temptation of an ad or just the easiest option, we often rely on automatic behaviors to get us through the day. And even though we know taking the elevator, grabbing a beer or drowning a salad in ranch dressing are not the healthiest choices, we keep making them. Unless those bad choices become too inconvenient.
無論是習慣，廣告的誘惑，又或者是最簡單的選擇，我們總是依靠無意識行為幫我們度過每一天。盡管我們知道坐電梯，喝啤酒，吃蘸醬的沙拉并不是最健康的選擇，但我們還是堅持這樣做。除非有一天它們變得很不方便。
Making bad choices harder is actually the best way to help people get healthier, argues a new essay in the journal Science.
一項發表在《科學》上的論文提出，實際上稍微阻礙一下不好的選擇是促使人們更健康的最好方法。
Simply programming elevator doors to close really slowly actually motivates more people to climb stairs. Limiting the places that sell tobacco cuts overall consumption. And then there's the trusty old salad bar trick: put healthier options closer than other choices and more people pick them.
只需編程讓電梯門關得很慢就能促使更多人爬樓梯。限制售賣香煙的場地會削減總體的香煙消費。對付沙拉也有個屢試不爽的把戲：將健康的品種放在更近的地方，這樣更多的人們就會挑選它們。
Little changes like these reach everyone—not just the people targeted with a health message. And they get us healthier just by letting us stay on autopilot.
這樣的小改變影響著所有人——并不只是影響那些收到健康短信的目標群眾。通過讓每個人自覺選擇使人們變得更健康。
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