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The health system is also relying more on community and voluntary networks.
衛生系統也更多地依賴于社區和志愿網絡。
In the 1930s contributory schemes run by working people funded convalescent homes, surgical equipment and dental care.
在20世紀30年代，由勞動人民經營的繳費計劃資助了療養院、外科設備和牙科護理。
Today on Teesside, stroke rehabilitation and speech therapy are informally carried out by volunteers with ties to local working men’s clubs.
如今，在提賽德，中風康復和語言治療由與當地工人俱樂部有聯系的志愿者非正式地進行。
In Brent, one of London’s poorest boroughs, a mosque has recently converted its annex into a health centre that conducts cancer screenings and diabetes checks.
在倫敦最貧窮的地區之一布倫特，一座清真寺最近將其附屬建筑改造成了一個進行癌癥篩查和糖尿病檢查的健康中心。
Community projects which take a preventive approach to health are back in vogue.
采取預防性保健方法的社區項目重新流行起來。
The Pioneer Health Centre, better known as the “Peckham Experiment”, was a membership club in south-east London in the interwar years which promoted community, exercise and nutritious food.
先鋒健康中心，更廣為人知的名字是“佩卡姆實驗”，是兩次世界大戰期間倫敦東南部的一家會員俱樂部，它提倡社區、鍛煉和營養食品。
It was shut by the NHS in 1950 because the scheme was not focused on the treatment of disease and was not open to all (families paid a small fee).
該計劃于1950年被國民保健制度關閉，因為該計劃不注重疾病治療，也不向所有人開放(家庭支付了少量費用)。
Now the NHS increasingly embraces programmes to keep people healthy and out of hospital.
現在，國民健康保險制度越來越多地采用使人們保持健康和遠離醫院的方案。
In Greater Manchester HMR Circle, a paid membership club for the over-50s, is funded by the NHS to combat loneliness, a problem linked to serious health conditions.
在大曼徹斯特，HMR圈是一個服務50歲以上客戶的付費會員俱樂部，由英國醫保資助，旨在對抗孤獨，這是一個與嚴重健康狀況有關的問題。
A much uglier similarity to the pre-NHS system is that more people are going without treatment.
與之前的英國醫保體系相比，更丑陋的相似之處在于，更多的人沒有得到治療。
Eight in ten children are unable to register with an NHS dentist.
十分之八的孩子無法在英國醫保牙醫那里注冊。
A private knee-replacement procedure would cost a worker earning the median wage five months’ salary; for most people, the only option is to wait.
一個私人的膝關節置換手術將花費一個工資中位數的工人五個月的工資; 對大多數人來說，唯一的選擇就是等待。
Life is, of course, much better for the vast majority of Britons than it was before the NHS.
當然，對于絕大多數英國人來說，生活比有英國醫保之前好得多。
In November patients made 2.2m visits to a&e and 31m to general practitioners, as Britain’s family doctors are known.
11月，到急診室就診的病人達到220萬人次，到全科醫生就診的病人達到3100萬人次，全科醫生是英國著名的家庭醫生。
It is still a point of pride to most Britons that they can do so without having to worry about a medical bill.
對于大多數英國人來說，他們可以這樣做而不必擔心醫療賬單，這仍然是一件值得驕傲的事情。
Yet the NHS treatment backlog is predicted to take at least a decade to clear fully.
然而，英國醫保的治療積壓預計至少需要十年才能完全清除。
The need for community-based health is more and more apparent.
以社區為基礎的保健需求越來越明顯。
And new health-care habits are forming among wealthier and younger Britons.
新的醫療保健習慣正在富裕和年輕的英國人中形成。
It’s not the 1930s again.
現在不是1930年代了。
But the echoes of the past are getting louder.
但過去的回聲越來越響亮。
