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The world this week--Business
本周國際要聞--商業
Britain’s annual inflation rate hit 9.1% in May.
英國5月份的年通貨膨脹率達到9.1%。
Food prices accounted for much of that, but road-fuel prices were up by 32.8%, year on year, the biggest such increase in that category since the data were first compiled in 1989.
其中食品價格占了很大一部分，但道路燃料價格同比上漲了32.8%，這是自1989年首次編制該數據以來此類價格漲幅最大的一次。
Britain already has the highest inflation rate among G7 countries.
在七國集團中，英國的通貨膨脹率已經是最高的。
The Bank of England recently increased its main interest rate for the fifth consecutive time, to 1.25%.
英格蘭銀行最近連續第五次上調其主要利率, 至1.25%。
The squeeze on household costs is pushing up wage demands.
對家庭開支的擠壓推高了對工資的要求。
Train drivers went on strike this week, crippling the rail network for five days.
本周，火車司機罷工，導致鐵路網癱瘓了5天。
Nurses and teachers are also considering action over pay in a “summer of strife”.
護士和教師也在考慮在“斗爭之夏”中就工資問題采取行動。
More than 1,300 pilots for Southwest Airlines held a protest outside Dallas Love Field airport to complain about their overstretched working arrangements.
美國西南航空公司的1300多名飛行員在達拉斯洛夫菲爾德機場外舉行抗議，抱怨他們超負荷的工作安排。
Southwest, like other big carriers, has been caught out by the strength of the travel revival.
與其他大型航空公司一樣，美國西南航空也被旅游業復蘇的強勁勢頭搞得措手不及。
A lack of staff at airports in America and Europe is also causing turbulence, leading to regular flight delays.
美國和歐洲機場缺乏工作人員也造成了混亂，導致航班經常延誤。
The situation will probably get worse as big airports, such as Heathrow, have increased their forecasts for passenger numbers.
隨著希思羅機場等大型機場對乘客數量的預測增加了，情況可能會變得更糟。
Following the example of workers at Amazon and Starbucks, staff at an Apple store near Baltimore voted to join a union, the first time employees at the tech giant have opted for unionisation.
繼亞馬遜和星巴克員工之后，巴爾的摩附近一家蘋果門店的員工投票加入工會，這是這家科技巨頭公司的員工首次選擇加入工會。
The crusading store staff are Apple’s CORE: the Coalition of Organised Retail Employees.
參加該運動的門店員工是蘋果CORE(the Coalition of Organised Retail Employees)工會的人。
Sales of homes in America fell again in May, according to the National Association of Realtors (the tally excludes newly built properties).
根據全美房地產經紀人協會的數據，5月份美國房屋銷量再次下滑(該數據不包括新建房產)。
The decline was the fourth in a row, after sharp rises in the worst of the pandemic, and sales are back to where they were in 2019.
這是繼疫情最嚴重的時期大幅上升后，銷量連續第四次下降，銷量已恢復到2019年的水平。
However, the median price of a home rose for the 123rd month running, to $407,600, up by 15% year on year.
然而，住房中間價連續上漲了123個月，達到407,600美元，同比增長15%。
A shift in expectations about inflation and tighter monetary policy are pushing up mortgage rates in America, according to Freddie Mac, a government-sponsored mortgage backer.
根據房地美(一家美國政府資助的抵押貸款機構)的說法，對通貨膨脹預期的轉變和緊縮的貨幣政策正在推高美國的抵押貸款利率。
The rate for an average 30-year fixed-rate mortgage has doubled over the past year.
過去一年，30年期固定利率抵押貸款的平均利率翻了一番。
The Russian rouble hit a seven-year high against the dollar.
俄羅斯盧布兌美元匯率創下7年來的新高。
It has gained the most of any currency against the greenback this year, despite the loosening of capital controls and a reduction in interest rates.
盡管俄羅斯放松了資本管制，降低了利率，但今年盧布兌美元的漲幅仍是所有貨幣中最大的。
A strong rouble undermines Russia’s exports and public finances, a headache for the government, which is mooting whether to set an “optimal” exchange rate.
強勢的盧布削弱了俄羅斯的出口和公共財政，這對俄羅斯政府來說是一個頭疼的問題，該政府正在討論是否設定一個“最優”匯率。
Meanwhile, the Japanese yen fell to a new 24-year low against the dollar.
與此同時，日元兌美元匯率跌至24年來的新低。
This follows the Bank of Japan’s commitment to stick to a monetary-easing policy that targets a short-term interest rate of -0.1%, just as America’s Federal Reserve steps up an aggressive round of monetary tightening.
在此之前，日本央行承諾將堅持貨幣寬松政策，將短期利率目標定在-0.1%，而與此同時，美聯儲開始了一輪激進的貨幣緊縮政策。
