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The world this week -- Business
本周國際要聞——商業
Samsung Electronics overhauled its senior management team and is to merge its smartphone business with its hitherto separate and wider consumer-electronics division.
三星電子對其高級管理團隊進行了重組，并即將把智能手機業務與此前一直獨立的業務更加廣泛的消費電子部門合并。
Combining the two will boost Samsung’s ability to provide customers with joined-up services across devices, similar to Apple.
這兩個部門的合并將提高三星為客戶提供跨設備連接服務的能力，類似于蘋果。
Concern grew about the Russian state’s intentions for social media when a complex set of deals involving subsidiaries linked to Gazprom gave the state-owned gas company voting control of VKontakte, Russia’s largest social network.
俄羅斯天然氣工業股份公司關聯子公司參與了一系列復雜交易，使這家國有天然氣公司獲得了俄羅斯最大社交網絡VKontakte的投票權，這讓人們對俄羅斯政府意圖掌控社交媒體的擔憂與日俱增。
Its chief executive stepped down.
VKontakte的首席執行官已下臺。
Russian media speculated that his replacement might be a senior executive at the state telecoms group, who is also the son of Vladimir Putin’s deputy chief of staff.
俄羅斯媒體猜測，接替他的可能是這家國有電信集團的一名高管，此人也是弗拉基米爾·普京副幕僚長的兒子。
Faced with an annual inflation rate running close to 11%, Brazil’s central bank raised its benchmark interest rate for the seventh time in 2021, by a hefty 1.5 percentage points to 9.25%, and indicated there will be more to come in 2022.
面對接近11%的年通脹率，巴西央行在2021年第七次上調基準利率，大幅上調1.5個百分點，至9.25%，并表示2022年還會進一步上調。
Productivity among American workers in the third quarter declined by 5.2% from the previous quarter (on an annualised basis), the steepest such fall since 1960.
第三季度美國工人的生產率比上一季度下降了5.2%（按年率計算），這是自1960年以來的最大降幅。
The number of hours worked rose by 7.4%, far outpacing a 1.8% jump in output.
工作時間增加了7.4%，遠遠超過了1.8%的產出增幅。
The supply-chain crunch may have been a factor.
供應鏈短缺可能是一個因素。
The takeover of Arm, a British chip designer, by Nvidia, an American company which designs and sells computer chips, came closer to collapse.
設計和銷售計算機芯片的美國公司Nvidia對英國芯片設計公司ARM的收購瀕臨瓦解。
America’s Federal Trade Commission sued to block the deal, arguing that it will harm competition.
美國聯邦貿易委員會提起訴訟，要求阻止這筆交易，理由是這將會損害競爭。
British and EU regulators are also investigating the takeover, though the EU has paused its inquiry.
英國和歐盟監管機構也在調查這項收購，盡管歐盟已經暫停了調查。
The takeover was announced more than a year ago.
這項收購是在一年多前宣布的。
Uber’s business in London took another knock when the High Court ruled that it cannot act as the agent between the passenger and driver, meaning Uber, and not the driver, is liable for any mishaps affecting car journeys.
當高等法院裁定優步不能充當乘客和司機之間的代理人時，優步在倫敦的業務再次受到打擊，這意味著要對任何影響汽車行駛的事故負責的是優步，而不是司機。
Uber had sought a clarification of the law after the British Supreme Court decided in February that its drivers are workers, not contractors.
在英國最高法院2月份裁定優步司機是員工，而不是承包商后，優步曾尋求對這一法律的詳細解釋說明。
This week’s ruling will apply to all private-hire car firms in the capital.
本周的裁決將適用于首都所有的私人租車公司。
London is one of Uber’s biggest urban markets.
倫敦是優步最大的城市市場之一。
A report from Inrix, a trans port analytics firm, found that London had become the world’s most congested city, with motorists spending an average of 148 hours in traffic jams during 2021.
交通分析公司Inrix的一份報告發現，倫敦已成為世界上最擁堵的城市，2021年駕駛員平均花費148小時在交通堵塞上。
The report (which omits cities such as Cairo and Lagos where Inrix lacks data) said that congestion in London was almost back to pre-pandemic levels, even though trips to central London were still down on those of 2019.
這份報告（不包括開羅和拉各斯等Inrix缺乏數據的城市）顯示，倫敦的擁堵狀況幾乎回到了疫情前的水平，盡管前往倫敦市中心的行程數量仍低于2019年的水平。
In New York the overall number of hours lost to traffic delays was 27% below those of 2019 and in Los Angeles, 40%.
在紐約，因交通延誤而造成的時間損失比2019年減少了27%，洛杉磯減少了40%。
In Paris it was 15%.
在巴黎，這一數字為15%。
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