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Now this, for me, is a common situation. I work in old-age homes, largely.
其實(shí)這種現(xiàn)象對我來說并不稀奇，我在養(yǎng)老院工作。
I see a lot of elderly people who are hearing impaired or visually impaired.
認(rèn)識很多老人是聽力或視力受損的。
About 10 percent of the hearing impaired people get musical hallucinations.
10%的聽力受損者有聽覺幻覺。
And about 10 percent of the visually impaired people get visual hallucinations.
10%的視力受損者有視覺幻覺。
You don't have to be completely blind, only sufficiently impaired.
不一定要完全失明或完全聽不到，才會有這種幻覺。
Now with the original description in the 18th century, Charles Bonnet did not have them.
18世紀(jì)的查爾斯·邦納，其實(shí)并沒有這種癥狀。
His grandfather had these hallucinations. His grandfather was a magistrate, an elderly man.
產(chǎn)生幻覺的是他的祖父，一位年長的長官。
He'd had cataract surgery. His vision was pretty poor. And in 1759, he described to his grandson various things he was seeing.
這個長官曾接受過白內(nèi)障手術(shù)，視力不大好，1759年，他向?qū)O子描述了他看到的各種各樣的幻象。
The first thing he said was he saw a handkerchief in midair. It was a large blue handkerchief with four orange circles.
第一個幻象是一塊懸浮在空中的手帕，大大的，藍(lán)色的，還有四個橙色的圓圈。
And he knew it was a hallucination. You don't have handkerchiefs in midair. And then he saw a big wheel in midair.
他知道這是個幻覺，因?yàn)槭峙敛粫≡诎肟眨€看到過一個大輪子浮在空中。
But sometimes he wasn't sure whether he was hallucinating or not, because the hallucinations would fit in the context of the visions.
不過有時候他也搞不清楚看到的到底是不是幻覺，因?yàn)檫@些幻覺會融合在現(xiàn)實(shí)的背景里。
So on one occasion, when his granddaughters were visiting them, he said, "And who are these handsome young men with you?"
有一次，當(dāng)他的孫女們來探望他時，他又看到了幻覺，他問：“這幾個跟你們在一起的帥小伙子是誰啊？”
And they said, "Alas, Grandpapa, there are no handsome young men." And then the handsome young men disappeared.
孫女們卻說：“誒，爺爺，沒有你說的帥小伙啊。”突然間帥小伙們就消失了。
It's typical of these hallucinations that they may come in a flash and disappear in a flash.
這是一種典型的幻覺，刷一下來，刷一下去。
They don't usually fade in and out. They are rather sudden, and they change suddenly.
沒有漸變，相當(dāng)突然，變得也快。
Charles Lullin, the grandfather, saw hundreds of different figures, different landscapes of all sorts.
查爾斯·魯林，也就是那個祖父，看到過幾百個不同的人像，還有各種各樣的景色。
On one occasion, he saw a man in a bathrobe smoking a pipe, and realized it was himself.
有一次，他看到一個穿浴袍的男人在抽煙斗，然后意識到，那就是他自己。
That was the only figure he recognized. On one occasion when he was walking in the streets of Paris, he saw -- this was real -- a scaffolding.
那是唯一一個他辨認(rèn)出來的人像，還有一次，他在巴黎的街道上當(dāng)真看到了一個腳手架。
But when he got back home, he saw a miniature of the scaffolding six inches high, on his study table.
回到家后，卻看到了那個腳手架的迷你版，六英尺高，就立在他的書桌上。
This repetition of perception is sometimes called palinopsia.
這種感知的重復(fù) 有時會被稱作視像保留。
