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So in the Charles Bonnet hallucinations, you have all sorts of levels, from the geometrical hallucinations --
在邦納式幻覺中，有好幾種等級(jí)，從幾何幻覺，
the pink and blue squares the woman had -- up to quite elaborate hallucinations with figures and especially faces.
比如老太太看到的粉色和藍(lán)色的方塊，到非常復(fù)雜的幻覺，比如各種人像，尤其是面容，
Faces, and sometimes deformed faces, are the single commonest thing in these hallucinations. And one of the second commonest is cartoons.
這些面容，有時(shí)是扭曲的面容，是唯一一種在這些幻覺中最常見的幻象，一種第二常見的幻象是卡通。
So, what is going on? Fascinatingly, in the last few years, it's been possible to do functional brain imagery, to do fMRI on people as they are hallucinating.
那么，究竟為什么會(huì)產(chǎn)生幻覺呢？很棒的是，近幾年我們能夠做出腦功能成像。
And in fact, to find that different parts of the visual brain are activated as they are hallucinating.
當(dāng)我們給正產(chǎn)生幻覺的人做功能性磁共振成像(fMRI)時(shí)，我們的確發(fā)現(xiàn)大腦視覺部位有不同區(qū)域被激活，這時(shí)被檢測(cè)者正在經(jīng)歷幻覺。
When people have these simple geometrical hallucinations, the primary visual cortex is activated.
如果被檢測(cè)者有的是簡(jiǎn)單的幾何幻覺，被激活的區(qū)域則是初級(jí)視覺皮質(zhì)。
This is the part of the brain which perceives edges and patterns. You don't form images with your primary visual cortex.
這是大腦感知邊緣和圖案的部分，而我們光靠這里是無法形成完整影像的。
When images are formed, a higher part of the visual cortex is involved in the temporal lobe.
影像形成時(shí)，一個(gè)位于顳葉的較高級(jí)視覺皮質(zhì)會(huì)有一定活動(dòng)。
And in particular, one area of the temporal lobe is called the fusiform gyrus.
尤其是顳葉中叫做梭狀回的一個(gè)區(qū)域，顯著地活躍。
And it's known that if people have damage in the fusiform gyrus, they maybe lose the ability to recognize faces.
調(diào)查顯示，如果梭狀回?fù)p傷，患者可能因此無法辨認(rèn)面容。
But if there is an abnormal activity in the fusiform gyrus, they may hallucinate faces, and this is exactly what you find in some of these people.
而當(dāng)梭狀回異常時(shí)，患者則可能看到面容的幻象，這正是我們前面提到的幾位病人所出現(xiàn)的癥狀。
There is an area in the anterior part of this gyrus where teeth and eyes are represented, and that part of the gyrus is activated when people get the deformed hallucinations.
梭狀回的前部有一個(gè)區(qū)域負(fù)責(zé)處理有關(guān)牙齒和眼睛的影像，而當(dāng)病人出現(xiàn)扭曲的幻覺時(shí)，正是這一部位出現(xiàn)了活動(dòng)。
There is another part of the brain which is especially activated when one sees cartoons.
還有一個(gè)區(qū)域會(huì)在病人看到卡通幻象時(shí)出現(xiàn)活動(dòng)。
It's activated when one recognizes cartoons, when one draws cartoons, and when one hallucinates them. It's very interesting that that should be specific.
人們觀看卡通，畫卡通，或看到卡通幻象時(shí)，都是這一部位被激活，這是一個(gè)特別有趣的現(xiàn)象。
There are other parts of the brain which are specifically involved with the recognition and hallucination of buildings and landscapes.
大腦還有幾個(gè)別的部位，相應(yīng)地跟其他視覺元素的辨別與幻覺有關(guān)，比如樓房和風(fēng)景。
