They tracked more than one thousand children over the course of fifteen years,
之后對1 000多名兒童進行了為期15年的跟蹤研究,
repeatedly assessing the children's cognitive skills, language abilities, and social behaviors.
反復地評估這些兒童的認知水平、語言能力和社交行為。
Dozens of papers have been published about what they found.
其結果已經發表為若干篇論文。
In 2006, the researchers released a report summarizing their findings, which concluded that
2006年發表的一篇成果匯總報告說:
"children who were cared for exclusively by their mothers did not develop differently than those who were also cared for by others."
“由母親專職照料的孩子和那些由母親和其他人同時照料的孩子在個體發展上并無不同”。
They found no gap in cognitive skills, language competence, social competence, ability to build and maintain relationships, or in the quality of the mother-child bond.
他們在認知水平、語言表達、社交能力、建立和維護人際關系以及母子感情方面都沒有什么差距。
Parental behavioral factors — including fathers who are responsive and positive, mothers who favor "self-directed child behavior,"
父母的行為因素,包括責任心強、積極樂觀的父親,主張“孩子自主行動”的母親,
and parents with emotional intimacy in their marriages — influence a child's development two to three times more than any form of child care.
以及較高的父母婚姻感情親密度,這些因素對孩子的影響比任何形式的看護照料要多出2~3倍。
One of the findings is worth reading slowly, maybe even twice:
其中一項發現更值得細究:
"Exclusive maternal care was not related to better or worse outcomes for children.
“母親的照料與孩子的發展并無關聯,
There is, thus, no reason for mothers to feel as though they are harming their children if they decide to work."
因此,母親們沒有理由認為自己選擇工作就會對孩子不利”。