評論
打印
And both Democrat and Republican partisans would tend to say this map is pretty misleading
民主黨和共和黨人可能都會覺得這幅地圖反映的情況不真實
We just look at that
讓我們來看看
Let's start with a perspective of partisans from Democratic party
我們現從民主黨支持者的角度來看
Let's say, you look at that map
看到這幅地圖時
and Untied States looks Republican but we know it's split
我們似乎會覺得美國是共和黨人的天下但其實我們知道選民并不是一邊倒的
We know it's very evenly split
相反支持兩黨的人數旗鼓相當
At least in this election
至少在04年的大選中是這樣的
While, why not do a cartogram
如果我們將其改為統計地圖會怎樣呢?
A cartogram is a map where you change the size of different areas on the basis of some other variable
統計地圖是一種根據不同的變量及其數據改變區域面積的地圖
In this case, population
現在我們將人口作為變量
So you simply deform the map to make populous states
很明顯那些人口眾多的州會發生變形
Like California much larger than sparsely populated states like Montana
如加州就比像蒙大拿這些人口稀疏的州要大得多
This is put together by a team of physicists in the University of Michigan
這幅圖是由密歇根大學的物理學家合成的
I believe they are all physicists
我想他們都是物理學家
Mark Newman, Michel Gaston, Cozma Shalizi
Mark Newman，Michel Gaston，Cozma Shalizi
Visit their website, it is wonderful
建議你們去看看他們的網站，很神奇
And sure, they don't have a lot but we they do is amazing
雖然上面只有少量地圖，但他們已經完成的地圖都是非常出色的
You'll see that other maps later on
遲些會給你們看一些他們的其他作品
To do this mathematical transformations
完成這些作品需要做一些數學上的換算
So you do that mathematical transformations and what do you see
那么做了數學上的處理之后，你發現了什么現象呢?
You see a pretty evenly divided country in terms of population
你發現在全國范圍內，兩黨支持者的人數其實不相上下
As we know, happened from the voting pattern
我們知道，這和選民的投票傾向是有關系的
Yes? it's on that syllabus
請提問？網站的名字我寫在教學大綱里了
So the back side of syllabus has important information on website
大綱背面有很多相關網站的信息
I think I actually have the URL there
我想我已經把它們的鏈接寫在那了
So you can check that out
你們看看有沒有
Republican partisans often say that map of red and blue is misleading
共和黨人常說這幅紅藍地圖很誤導人
that it's exaggerating the Democratic voting areas
他們說它放大了支持民主黨的區域
because even you go into blue states
因為即使是在民主黨獲勝的藍色州
You'll find that vast areas of those blue states are solidly Republican voting
你也會發現大片共和黨的支持區域
So here is California in 2004
來看看04年加州的情況
Unfortunately, the color distinctions have washed out a little bit
不太理想的是，這里顏色區分度變得不太明顯
but in the original if you go to the Dave Leip's Atlas
如果你上DaveLeip'sAtlas看原圖
Very clearly Republican, excuse me,
你會發現
Democratic voting you can see that these counties in the bay area
這些舊金山灣區域的縣都是明顯支持民主黨的
Compare that to the central valley, San Joaquin valley
而在中央谷，圣華金谷則相反
Actually you get over Modoc and Lassen counties are
如果你看到默多克縣和拉森縣
Well over 70% Republican voting
會發現那里共和黨的支持率超過70%
Southern California, Los Angles county, Santa Barbarra county went for Kerry
南加州地區除了洛杉磯縣和圣塔芭芭拉縣支持民主黨人克里
but other counties certainly Orange county San Diego and Riverside
其他縣如橙縣，圣地亞哥，利維塞得
and San Bernardino, Ventura, San Luis Obispo as well went Republican
圣布那的諾，文圖拉以及圣路易斯奧比斯波縣都是共和黨獲勝
So there are vast swath of California that are heavily Republican in their voting pattern
所以即使在加州也有一大片支持共和黨的區域
But if you spend any time in the San Joaquin valley
所以你只要在圣華金谷待上一段時間
You'll figure it out pretty quickly
你很快就會發現他們的確傾向共和黨
Bakersfield is really part of the south central Untied States culturally
貝克斯菲爾德是美國中南部文化中心之一
in terms of music, even accent to some degree
在音樂甚至口音方面都有著重要地位
Church going anyway you want look at it
教堂隨處可見
Kern county especially doesn't fit in the rest of California.It's different
科恩縣是一個特別的縣和加州的其他縣不太一樣
That is Mono county and Alpine county very sparse population
Mono縣和Alpine縣人口非常稀疏
