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Actually, those action video game players have many other advantages in terms of attention,
事實(shí)上，動(dòng)作電子游戲的玩家在注意力方面還有很多其他優(yōu)勢(shì)。
and one aspect of attention which is also improved for the better
其中之一得到提高的是能夠更好地
is our ability to track objects around in the world.
追蹤周圍的物體。
This is something we use all the time.
這個(gè)能力我們很多時(shí)候都會(huì)用到。
When you're driving, you're tracking, keeping track of the cars around you.
開車的時(shí)候你在追蹤，追蹤著周圍的車子。
You're also keeping track of the pedestrian, the running dog,
你也在追蹤著行人和奔跑著的狗，
and that's how you can actually be safe driving, right?
做到了這點(diǎn)才能安全駕駛，對(duì)嗎？
In the lab, we get people to come to the lab,
在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里，我們會(huì)找人到實(shí)驗(yàn)室里，
sit in front of a computer screen,
坐在電腦屏幕前，
and we give them little tasks that I'm going to get you to do again.
然后給他們些小任務(wù)，我將要讓大家再做一遍相同的小任務(wù)。
You're going to see yellow happy faces and a few sad blue faces.
你們將要看到黃色的笑臉和一些藍(lán)色的哭臉。
These are children in the schoolyard in Geneva during a recess during the winter.
這代表了冬天日內(nèi)瓦的孩子們課間在操場(chǎng)上玩。
Most kids are happy. It's actually recess.
大多數(shù)孩子很開心因?yàn)橄抡n了，
But a few kids are sad and blue because they've forgotten their coat.
但是還是有幾個(gè)不太開心用藍(lán)色代表，因?yàn)樗麄兺洿┩馓琢恕?/div>
?
Everybody begins to move around,
這些孩子開始到處移動(dòng)，
and your task is to keep track of who had a coat at the beginning and who didn't.
而你們的任務(wù)就是記住誰(shuí)一開始有外套，誰(shuí)沒有。
So I'm just going to show you an example where there is only one sad kid.
現(xiàn)在的這個(gè)例子里面只有一個(gè)哭臉。
It's easy because you can actually track it with your eyes.
這很簡(jiǎn)單因?yàn)槟憧梢杂醚劬ψ粉欀?/div>
You can track, you can track, and then when it stops,
你看著它，看著它，然后它停住了，
and there is a question mark, and I ask you, did this kid have a coat or not?
上面有一個(gè)問號(hào)。我的問題是，這個(gè)孩子有外套嗎？
Was it yellow initially or blue?
這張臉一開始是黃色的還是藍(lán)色的？
I hear a few yellow. Good.
我聽到了幾個(gè)人說是黃色的，很好，
So most of you have a brain.
大家還是有點(diǎn)兒頭腦的。
I'm now going to ask you to do the task,
現(xiàn)在我們?cè)僮鲆槐椋?/div>
but now with a little more challenging task.
不過這次加大點(diǎn)難度，
There are going to be three of them that are blue.
有三個(gè)藍(lán)色的臉。
Don't move your eyes.
不要看其他地方，
Please don't move your eyes.
千萬(wàn)不要看其他的地方。
Keep your eyes fixated and expand, pull your attention.
盡量使用你的余光，集中注意力。
That's the only way you can actually do it.
只有這樣你才能成功。
If you move your eyes, you're doomed.
如果你移動(dòng)了你的眼睛就肯定失敗了。
Yellow or blue?
黃色還是藍(lán)色？
Yellow. Good.
黃色。很好。
So your typical normal young adult can have a span of about three or four objects of attention.
一般普通年輕人的注意范圍大概是三到四個(gè)物體。
That's what we just did.
就像我們剛才看到的那樣。
Your action video game player has a span of about six to seven objects of attention,
而動(dòng)作電子游戲的玩家一次可以注意到六到七個(gè)物體。
which is what is shown in this video here.
像這個(gè)視頻里一樣。
That's for you guys, action video game players.
輪到你們大顯神通了，游戲玩家們。
A bit more challenging, right?
有點(diǎn)挑戰(zhàn)性了，對(duì)嗎？
Yellow or blue? Blue.
黃色的還是藍(lán)色的？
We have some people that are serious out there. Yeah. Good.
的確是藍(lán)色的。在座的有些人很有一手嘛！很好！
So in the same way that we actually see the effects of video games on people's behavior,
我們可以直接看到電子游戲?qū)τ谌朔磻?yīng)的影響，
we can use brain imaging and look at the impact of video games on the brain,
同樣的，我們也可以通過腦成像技術(shù)看看電子游戲?qū)Υ竽X的影響。
and we do find many changes,
我們看到很多改變，
but the main changes are actually to the brain networks that control attention.
但是最主要的變化還是表現(xiàn)在大腦控制注意力的部分。
So one part is the parietal cortex
其中之一是眾所周知
which is very well known to control the orientation of attention.
控制注意力方面的大腦頂葉皮層。
The other one is the frontal lobe, which controls how we sustain attention,
還有一個(gè)則是控制我們?nèi)绾伪３肿⒁饬Φ拇竽X額葉。
and another one is the anterior cingulate,
另有一個(gè)是控制我們?nèi)绾?/div>
which controls how we allocate and regulate attention and resolve conflict.
分配和調(diào)節(jié)注意力以及處理矛盾的前扣帶皮層。
Now, when we do brain imaging,
現(xiàn)在，當(dāng)我們做腦成像的時(shí)候，
we find that all three of these networks are actually much more efficient in people that play action games.
我們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)游戲玩家大腦的這三個(gè)神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)都比一般人的更有效率。
This actually leads me to a rather counterintuitive finding in the literature about technology and the brain.
這些使我從文獻(xiàn)中找到了關(guān)于科技和大腦違背一般人常識(shí)的發(fā)現(xiàn)。
| 重點(diǎn)單詞 | 查看全部解釋 | |||
| sustain | [səs'tein] |
想一想再看 vt. 承受，支持，經(jīng)受，維持，認(rèn)可 |
聯(lián)想記憶 | |
| efficient | [i'fiʃənt] |
想一想再看 adj. 效率高的，勝任的 |
聯(lián)想記憶 | |
| recess | [ri'ses] |
想一想再看 n. 休息，幽深處，凹縫，壁龕，放假 vt. 放入壁龕， |
聯(lián)想記憶 | |
| doomed | [dumd] |
想一想再看 adj. 命中注定的 動(dòng)詞doom的過去式和過去分詞 |
||
| allocate | ['æləkeit] |
想一想再看 vt. 分派，分配，分配額 |
聯(lián)想記憶 | |
| pedestrian | [pi'destriən] |
想一想再看 adj. 徒步的，缺乏想像的 |
聯(lián)想記憶 | |
| span | [spæn] |
想一想再看 n. 跨度，跨距，間距 |
||
| typical | ['tipikəl] |
想一想再看 adj. 典型的，有代表性的，特有的，獨(dú)特的 |
||
| control | [kən'trəul] |
想一想再看 n. 克制，控制，管制，操作裝置 |
||
| resolve | [ri'zɔlv] |
想一想再看 n. 決定之事，決心，堅(jiān)決 |
聯(lián)想記憶 |
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