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This program is brought to you by the Southern Institute of technology
本課程由新西蘭國立南方理工學院為您呈現
Hello
大家好
and welcome to SIT2LRN’s certificate in intensive English language
歡迎來到SIT2LRN強化英語認證系列課程
This week we move into upper intermediate level, modules 1-4
本課我們將學習中上級水平的內容，模塊1-4
We’ll start by revising forms that we are pretty familiar with
我們從修改我們很熟悉的詞匯形式
verbs forms
即動詞形式，入手
When discussing habits, things that happened regularly
在我們討論習慣，有規律發生的事情時
The present simple tense is used
應當使用一般現在時
I practice the piano every day
我每天練習彈鋼琴
The present simple is also used when talking about states
在談論狀態或不經常變化的事物時
things that do not often change
也應使用一般現在時
I read the paper
我看報紙
When we discuss temporary actions
在我們談論一時性動或行為作時
we use the present continuous tense
我們應使用現在進行時
It’s cloudy
今天陰
The present continuous tense is also used for different plans
現在進行時同樣可以用于各種不同的計劃
Anna is having a party tomorrow
安娜明天將舉辦一個聚會
When discussing actions that started in the past
在討論過去開始的行為
and are still continuing
并且一直延續到現在時
the present perfect tense is used
應當用現在完成時
Anna has worked at that office for 2 years
安娜在那個單位工作了兩年
Other instances with the present perfect is used include
其它可以用現在完成時的情況包括
actions that happened at some time in the past
在過去某時發生的行為
Doesn’t matter when
無論具體什么時間
Anna has already passed the requirements for her math course
安娜已經滿足了其數學課程的要求
And for actions which happened in the past
對于那些發生在過去
But have an effect in the present
但在現在還有影響的行為
Jim has forgotten his textbook
吉姆忘了他的課本
When we discuss actions that happened in the past which are finished
在我們討論過去發生并已完成的事情時
We use the past simple tense
應當用一般過去時
I walked to work yesterday
我昨天步行上班
Move in right along to the past continuous tense
下面更進一步，來學習過去進行時
This is used when one action began before another
過去進行時用在一個行為提前另一個行為開始
And finished after it
卻比另一個行為更晚結束的時候
Jim was fixing the fence when Tom arrived
湯姆到來的時候，吉姆還在修圍墻
And when an action has already started
或用在一個行為在特定的時間已經開始
And was still continuing at a particular time
并且延續至今的情況下
At two o’clock, it was raining
兩點鐘開始下雨
Now since the past continuous tense is formed by using the verb “be”
過去進行時是由動詞 be
And the past tense and the “ING” form of the base action verb
和過去時，以及基本行為動詞的ING形式構成
They were dancing
他們在跳舞
The final verb form we’ll look at is the past perfect tense
我們要學習的最后一種動詞形式是過去完成時
This is used for an action that happened before another event in the past
這被用作一個行為提前另一個行為發生的情況
Before the computer crashed, I had saved my work
在電腦死機前，我保存了文件
Now that our knowledge of the various verb forms
現在我們對于各種各樣的動詞形式的知識
has been refreshed
已經有了新的了解
It’s time to put them into practice with our first dialog
該將它們運用在情景對話的練習中了
I practice the art of war every day, Timothy
蒂莫西，我每天都練習戰爭的藝術
for such a time as this!
就比如說現在！
I know, Jeffery
我知道，杰弗瑞
But don’t let your emotions cloud your mind
別讓情感的陰霾籠罩你的思緒
Sir Roderick has been the reigning military tactician champion
羅德里克先生已經連續三屆
for three years
獲得了軍事戰略家衛冕冠軍
Well, Timothy, then it is time for the sun to come out
別擔心，蒂莫西，現在是你我出頭之日了
And his reign to end
他注定要日落西山
I am planning his downfall as we speak
我現在已經在盤算他的覆滅了
I saw sir Roderick this morning, Jeffery
我上午看到羅德里克先生了，杰弗瑞
I think he suspects that we are up to something
我覺得他懷疑我們在謀劃什么
Are you afraid of him now, Timothy?
現在你就害怕啦，蒂莫西？
Before he slandered my mother, I had called him “friend”
在他詆毀我母親之前，我曾稱他為"朋友"
Now he is the object of my wrath
而如今他是我怒火的來源
I stood next to you when this began, Jeffery
從一開始我就是站在你這邊的，杰弗瑞
And you can be sure I will be by your side at the end
并且我將支持你到最后
Shall we draw the battle lines?
我們來畫戰線吧？
Yes, lets
好啊
