評論
打印
You must have seen
從上面的對話中
some examples of obligation and permission there
大家肯定發現了一些關于義務和許可的例子
Here's another chance to listen for them, without the subtitles
現在請再聽一遍，不過這次沒有字幕
I must defuse this bomb before it blows
我必須在炸彈爆炸之前將它拆除
MacGyver, I've got some bad news for you
麥吉弗，我這里有個壞消息要告訴你
Murdoch has to be released from jail
默多克出獄了
if we want him to tell us how to defuse the bomb
你看我們是不是請他來告訴我們怎么拆炸彈？
I don't have to listen to this
你不用給我說這些
I can defuse the bomb on my own
我自己就可以拆除炸彈
I am not allowed to let you make that call. Lives are at risk
我不許你那么干，你是在拿生命冒險
Murdoch must not be set free
不可以讓默多克恢復自由
You can catch him again
你可以再抓他一次
Do I have to defuse this bomb with you distracting me
能不能別打擾我
or are you going to let me do my job?
或者讓我繼續拆炸彈？
Murdoch can't be set free
不能讓默多克恢復自由
Murdoch is allowed to leave
如果默多克合作的話
if he cooperates
我們就允許他離開怎么樣？
Does Murdoch have to be set free
如果默多克相信自己已經自由了
if he believes he already is?
是不是就得必須讓他自由？
You're right. Murdoch doesn't have to be free
你說的對，如果我們騙默多克使他認為他沒自由
if we can trick him into thinking he is
那就不必讓他恢復自由了
Good. Make that happen
好，就這么干
We've just covered obligation and permission
我們剛才學習了現在時中
in the present tense
關于義務和許可的表達方法
So how do we express obligation and permission
那么，在過去時中我們
in the past tense?
應如何表示義務和許可呢？
"Must" has no past form
"must"一詞沒有過去式
so "had to" is used instead
所以用"had to"代替
"I had to return my library books yesterday"
例如，應該說"昨天我必須要把書還給圖書館"
Not "I must return my library books yesterday"
而不是 "昨天我必須要把書還給圖書館"
In the negative form
在否定句中
we use "couldn't" or "wasn't"
我們會用"couldn't" 或"wasn't"
or "weren't allowed to"
或"weren't allowed to"等詞
"I couldn't return my library books yesterday"
例如 "昨天我不能把書還給圖書館"
"Anna wasn't allowed to have the day off work yesterday"
"昨天，不許安娜休假"
"They weren't allowed to go to the movies yesterday"
"昨天，不許他們去看電影"
It is not correct to use " "had got to" or "hadn't got to"
had got to"或"hadn't got to"的形式是錯誤的
Instead we use "had to"
在過去式中，我們可以用"had to"
"didn't have to" in the past form
或"didn't have to"
"Jim had to go to work yesterday"
例如 "昨天吉姆不得不去上班"
"Anna didn't have to go to work yesterday"
"昨天安娜不必去上班"
Here's another dialogue to show you
請再聽一個對話
how it all works in conversation
學習一下它們的用法
I couldn't get out of bed yesterday
昨天我起不了床了
It took three nurses to help me get ready for breakfast
最后三個護士幫我準備了早餐
Sarah wasn't allowed to give me my medication today
今天他們不許莎拉為我進行藥物治療
Why was that?
為什么？
They weren't allowed because they found out
他們之所以不允許她這么做是因為他們發現
I had been feeding my pills to the gold fish
我把開給我的藥喂金魚了
I knew you were doing that. It's not very good for them
我知道你一直這么干，這樣做對他們來說不太好
Dr. Brown had to go and buy some more
布朗醫生不得不去多買點藥
for the children's ward
給兒童病房用
Little Michael complained that they swarm upside down
小邁克爾抱怨說那些魚很多都翻了肚皮
but I don't know how he knew it was me
但我不知道他是怎么知道是我干的
It was very mean of you to kill their fish. I had to tell on you
你太自私了，竟然殺了他們的魚，我要告發你
Michael didn't have to steal my walking frame though
雖然邁克爾沒偷成我的助行架
That's just insulting
但那分明就是對我的侮辱
I hope it helps you with the past tense
希望這個對話對你們理解過去時有所幫助
Let's see it a second time, without subtitles
讓我們去掉字幕再看一遍
I couldn't get out of bed yesterday
昨天我起不了床了
It took three nurses to help me get ready for breakfast
最后三個護士幫我準備了早餐
Sarah wasn't allowed to give me my medication today
今天他們不許莎拉為我進行藥物治療
Why was that?
為什么？
They weren't allowed because they found out
他們之所以不允許她這么做是因為他們發現
I had been feeding my pills to the gold fish
我把開給我的藥喂金魚了
I knew you were doing that. It's not very good for them
我知道你一直這么干，這樣做對他們來說不太好
