For example, over Europe.
譬如 整個歐洲
It is, indeed, true that when you reduce the ice
確確實實 當冰川體積減小時
that lets lots of heat out of the ocean, so in the Arctic,
海洋中會釋放很多能量 因此在北極
you see several degrees of warming
在大氣層底部
in the lower part of the atmosphere.
溫度確實上升了幾度
And there's little doubt
毫無疑問
that it's been getting warmer in the Arctic.
北極確實正在變暖
In the last ten years,
過去的十年里
the sea ice has reached record low levels.
海冰的總體積已經下降至極低點
According to the Met Office's
從英國氣象局所建立的
highly sophisticated computer models,
極為復雜的計算機模型中可以看到
a hotter Arctic doesn't equal a warmer Britain.
北極變暖并不意味著英國也會變暖
That warming that's happening
北極變暖的同時
over the Arctic is not seen over Europe.
歐洲并沒有隨著一起變暖
The reason for that is because
導致這個現象的原因是
the circulation changes, the wind changes.
大氣環流的變化 風的變化
It turns out when you remove the Arctic ice,
當冰川體積減小時
and the winds become more easterly.
風向會變的更偏東
So the winds start to circulate from east to west around the Arctic
因此北極的風向轉為圍繞著北極由東向西
and south of the Arctic,
并且開始影響北極以南
and that dominates the response over Europe.
這個風向則是決定歐洲氣溫變化的原因
So instead of warming in the winter
因此 在北極海冰減小的同時
over Europe when the ice is depleted
歐洲的冬季并不會變的更溫暖
we get cooling because we're
歐洲會變得更冷
dragging the air from Siberia over northern Europe.
因為西伯利亞的冷風被氣流帶到了北歐