1.She was, remember, just 14, but there was already the fortitude, the clarity and the courage, just as well, because she would need these qualities five years later, when facing the most traumatic and dangerous crisis of her entire life.

【解析】這個句子其實就是一個含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句。出于主持人解說的節(jié)奏，把she was提到了句首，應(yīng)該是remember放于句首。

賓語從句中又含有一個并列復(fù)合句，由but連接一個簡單句和一個由從屬連詞because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句。簡單句是：She was just 14，原因狀語從句是：because she would need these qualities five years later, when facing the most traumatic and dangerous crisis of her entire life。

原因狀語從句中又含有分詞短語做時間狀語：when facing the most traumatic and dangerous crisis of her entire life。

【解析】 when facing the most traumatic and dangerous crisis of her entire life是現(xiàn)在分詞短語做時間狀語，可以省略when。當(dāng)現(xiàn)在分詞作時間狀語時，可以加上表示時間的介詞，如：when, after，before等等。

【解析】just as well是副詞性短語，具有副詞功能，修飾前面的系動詞is。

quality指一個人的“品質(zhì)，品德”時，是可數(shù)名詞。

2. So here she was, Elizabeth, under the oak, about to be the Protestant queen.

【解析】這個是一個倒裝句式。倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)為：here+系動詞（助動詞，情態(tài)動詞）+主語，但是如果主語為人稱代詞的話，主語位于系動詞前面。再如：Here it is.

【解析】Elizabeth是做主語she的同位語，under the oak是介詞短語做she的定語。

3. Danger only turned to deliverance five years later when Queen Mary died, childless.

【解析】childless是形容詞做時間狀語從句（when Queen Mary died,）中的伴隨狀況狀語。

4. When her Catholic half-sister, Mary, came to the throne, Elizabeth found herself in even deeper trouble.

【解析】Mary是做half-sister的同位語，說明其姓名。

【解析】“find+反身代詞+介詞短語”表示“覺悟到某人自己處于什么境況”。該句子中是：find herself in even deeper trouble，意思是覺悟到自己處于更深的困境中。Even修飾形容詞比較級deeper。