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詞匯精學：
1. clergyman n.牧師, 教士, 神職人員
例句：
He became a clergyman and remained so. 他成為牧師并且一直擔任這樣的工作。
The town clergyman took a strong stand against gambling. 鎮上這位牧師表示堅決反對賭博行為。
Layman is not a clergyman or a priest. 普通信徒有別于教士和牧師。
2. penniless adj.身無分文的
例句:
Jobless and penniless, Tom had to sleep rough in the fields for several months. 湯姆沒有工作，身無分文，不得不在野外露宿了幾個月。
At the age of thirteen, Tom was left penniless by the death of his father, so he had his own way to make.在13歲時湯姆的父親死了，沒留分文給他，所以，他得自食其力。
My firm in Hongkong went bankrupt and left me penniless, and I could only get home by working my ticket. 我在香港開設的商行破產了，落得個身無分文，只得靠在船上做工抵償船費才回到家鄉。
3. typhus n.斑疹傷寒癥
例句:
Have all the children been vaccinated with typhus?所有的孩子都接種斑疹傷寒預防疫苗了嗎？
The hospital ward was fumigated after the outbreak of typhus. 發現斑疹傷寒以後，醫院的病房進行了煙熏消毒。
Have you had your typhus shots yet? 你打過斑疹傷寒防疫針了嗎?
4. relative n.親屬(戚）
a close/near/distant relative of hers她的近親[較近的親戚/遠]
5. willful adj. 任性的, 故意的, 有意的
例句:
A willful man must have his way. [諺]只要人有恒，萬事皆可成。
6. obstinate adj. 固執的, 倔強的, 不易屈服的, （病）難治的
例句:
Don't be so obstinate! 別這么固執！
Only a man full of the milk of human kindness could have continued to befriend the proud and obstinate young man. 只有天性善良的人才會和這個性情高傲脾氣倔強的年輕人繼續交往。
This child is obstinate and rebellious. 這個孩子倔強，難以管束。
7. nature 天性，性格
詞源解說：1300年左右進入英語，直接源自古法語的nature；最初源自古典拉丁語的natura，意為事物的自然規律，宇宙。
語法用法：human nature 意為“人性，人情”，good nature 意為“好脾氣”，ill nature意為“不友善，壞脾氣”，以及second nature意為“第二天性”。以上這些用法中nature前不加the或者a，也沒有復數形式。
例句：
Cats and dogs have quite different natures dogs like company, cats are independent.
貓和狗的習性迥異－－狗喜歡有伴，貓愛獨來獨往。
She is proud by nature. 她生性傲慢。
It's his nature to be kind to people. 他為人厚道。
There is no cruelty in her nature. 她心地善良。
