評論
打印
Explain how the example from the lecture illustrates the concept of swarm intelligence.
請用課上所舉例子解釋說明群集智能的概念。
Read a passage from a biology textbook.
閱讀下面選自生物學課本上的一篇文章。
You will have 50 seconds to read the passage. Begin reading now.
你有50秒的時間閱讀。現在請開始閱讀。
Now listen to a lecture on this topic in a biology class.
現在請聽生物課上關于這個話題的部分內容。
OK, we can see a great example of this with ants.
這個話題極佳的例子就是螞蟻。
Ants live in large groups called colonies.
螞蟻生活在巨大的群體里，這個群體被稱之為集群。
They normally move together to get to food sources.
它們一般集體出動去尋找食物。
And sometimes when the ants are moving toward food source, they'll encounter, find an obstacle in their path.
有時候當螞蟻們朝著食物行進時，路上會遇到一些阻礙。
So, for instance, let's say a large number of ants are walking on a tree toward some food on a branch.
舉個例子來說，假設一大群螞蟻正在樹上朝著一根樹枝上的某種食物前進。
But when they reach the end of the branch they are walking on,
但是當它們到達所在樹枝的末端時，
there's a wide space between that branch and the next one, the branch with the food on it.
發現這根樹枝和有食物的那根樹枝之間空著很大一塊地方。
Now, none of these ants alone can cross this wide space to get to the other branch with the food.
此時，沒有任何一只螞蟻可以單獨跨過這個空隙到達食物所在的那根樹枝。
So, how did they solve this problem?
所以，它們會如何解決這個難題呢？
Here's how: one ant walks forward until it reaches the end of the branch and then automatically holds onto the branch with its back legs.
它們是這么做的：首先一只螞蟻走上前直到它到達樹枝末端為止，然后自動用后腿勾住樹枝。
Then it stretches its body forward into the open space.
向著前方的空隙展開身體。
Now, this comes naturally to ants and it's a simple action.
這個動作對螞蟻來說得心應手，再簡單不過了。
So then the next ant walks to the end of the branch and right across the first ant's body.
接著另一只螞蟻也走向樹枝末端并從第一只螞蟻的身體上走過。
Then it holds onto the first ant and then it stretches its body out into the open space,
然后它緊抓住第一只螞蟻，把身體向空隙處伸展。
just a little bit closer to the branch with the food on it.
這樣就有一點接近有食物的那根樹枝了。
Then, one after another, other ants do the same thing until enough ants connect together to form a bridge between the two branches.
隨后，螞蟻們一只接一只地重復前面兩只螞蟻的動作，直到它們用身體在兩根樹枝間搭起了一座橋為止。
Pretty amazing, huh? The connected ants hold this position allowing the rest of the ants in the group to cross over this bridge of ants to reach the food.
太了不起了，對嗎？相互連接著的螞蟻們會一直保持這個姿勢以讓群體里剩下的螞蟻通過這座它們用身體搭成的橋來拿到食物。
