評論
打印
Using points and examples from the talk explain internal and external locus of control.
請用對話中的觀點和例子解釋內控點和外控點的含義。
Now listen to part of a talk in a psychology class.
請聽心理學課上的部分內容。
Ok, ever thought about the things that happen to you and what's responsible for them?
你有仔細想過發生在你身上的事情以及導致這些事情發生的原因嗎？
We psychologists have a term: Locus of Control.
我們心理學家對這些有個術語，叫做“控制點”。
Locus of Control refers to...um...where people think control over their lives comes from.
控制點指的是...人們認為的他們生命中的控制力的來源。
Whether it comes from themselves or from somewhere else.
有人認為這種控制力來自于他們自身，也有人認為控制力來源于其他地方。
People who think that control is in themselves are internals,
那些認為控制力來自他們自身的人，是比較關注內在的人；
and people who think it comes from somewhere else are externals.
而那些認為控制力來源于其他地方的人則比較關注外部條件。
Lets say there are two people going for job interviews.
我們假設現在有兩個人要參加工作面試。
One of them is an internal, she has an internal locus of control.
其中一個人是個比較關注內在的人，她有著內部控制點。
Since she thinks that control comes from within herself,
鑒于她認為控制力來自于她本身，
she'll believe that her success and her preparation are really her responsibility.
她會認為她的成功和準備都是她自己的責任。
So she's likely to really work on her interview skills ahead of time.
所以，她可能會提前認真研究面試技巧。
Then, if she gets the job, she'll believe it's because she's worked so hard,
然后，如果她得到了這份工作，會把一切歸功于自己付出的努力，
and if she doesn't get it, well, she'll probably be disappointed with herself,
而如果她失敗了，可能會對自己感到失望，
and uh...try to figure out how she can improve for the next time.
并試著弄明白下一次該如何改善。
Ok, and another job candidate is an external,
參加面試的另一個人是個更關注外部條件的人，
he perceives other things, say...his interviewers to have more influence, after all, it's their decision.
他覺得其他事物，比如面試官，起著更大作用，畢竟做決定的還是面試官們。
It depends on what mood they're in and, you know, luck.
他認為面試成功與否取決于面試官當天的心情，還有，他的運氣。
Now, with his external locus of control, he's not as hard on himself, so he's more likely to take risks.
那么，受他的外控點的影響，他不會對自己太過嚴厲，所以更可能會賭一把。
He might interview for a job that he's not completely qualified for.
他也許會面試一個自己并不是完全符合要求的職位。
And if he gets it, he'll think he's really lucky and because he thinks external forces are in control,
如果他得到了這個職位，就會覺得自己很幸運，而且由于他認為是外部因素在起作用，
he might think its because the interviewers were having a good day.
所以可能會覺得，能面試成功是因為面試官們當天的心情不錯。
And if he doesn't get it, he'll probably blame the interviewers or bad luck
如果他沒能得到這個職位，可能會把一切歸咎于面試官或者壞運氣，
rather than look at himself and try to figure out what he could have done better.
而不是審視自身并弄清楚自己下次該如何做得更好。
