評論
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Using the example from the lecture, explain what social loafing is, and how it affects people's behavior.
請用課上的例子解釋社會性懈怠的概念，以及它是如何影響人們的行為的。
Now read the passage about social loafing.
請閱讀這篇關于社會性懈怠的文章。
You have 45 seconds to read the passage. Begin reading now.
你有45秒的時間閱讀文章。現在開始計時。
Listen to part of a lecture in a psychology class.
請聽心理學課上的部分內容。
Now a study was done that illustrated this phenomenon.
有人做過的一項研究對這一現象進行了說明。
In the study people were given an ordinary task that everyone has probably done before.
在研究中，他們給了研究對象一個普通的任務，這個任務可能各位之前都做過。
They were simply asked to peel potatoes, and to peel as many potatoes as possible in a given amount of time.
他們只是讓研究對象們削土豆而已，不過要在特定的時間內盡可能多削一些土豆。
Ok so, some people worked alone,
有些人選擇了單獨行動，
and they were told that the number of potatoes they each peeled would be recorded.
而且被告知會記錄他們每個人分別削好的土豆數量。
Others peeled potatoes together, as part of a group,
另外一些人選擇了以小組為單位一起削土豆，
and they were told that only the total number of potatoes peeled would be recorded.
他們則獲知只會記錄大家一起削好的土豆總量。
So it would be impossible to tell how many any one person had done.
這樣的話，想看出來任何一個人分別削了多少土豆是不可能的。
Then researchers compared the results of the people who worked alone and those that worked together to see if there was any difference.
接著，研究人員將單獨行動的人記錄下的結果與互相合作的人記錄下的結果進行了對比，看看是否有區別。
That is, they took the average score of the people working alone
也就是說，他們算出了單獨行動那群人的平均成績，
and compared it to the average score of the people working together in a group,
然后把它和以小組為單位行動的人的平均成績做了對比，
and they did discover a difference!
結果確實發現了一個區別！
It turns out that people working as a group peeled significantly fewer potatoes than people who worked alone.
結果顯示，以小組為單位行動的人削出的土豆比單獨行動的人削出的要少得多。
