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What Do Active Learners Do?
主動學習者會怎么做？
Good morning! Today I'll discuss what is active learning and what do active learners do.
早上好！今天我來跟大家討論一下什么是主動學習，主動學習者都是怎么做的。
In order to define active learning, I'll look at the differences between active learning and passive learning by examining six characteristics of active learners and contrasting them with those of passive learners.
為定義主動學習，我將考察積極學習者的六個特征，并將它們與被動學習者的特征進行對比，借此研究主動學習和被動學習的區別。
Ok. Let's start with the first characteristic.
好的。我們先來看第一個特征。
Active learners tend to read with the purpose of understanding and remembering.
主動學習者的閱讀以理解和記憶為目的。
I bet that no one deliberately sits down to read with the purpose of not understanding the text.
我敢說，沒有人特意坐下來閱讀，卻不為理解文本。
However, I'm sure that some of you have been in a situation, probably more than once, where you read, quote and unquote, an assignment, closed the text and thought "what the world was that about?"
然而，我相信你們中的一些人可能已經遇到過這樣的情況，可能不止一次，你在閱讀作業上一邊讀一邊劃，合上書，然后想“這到底在說什么？”
When you interact with the text in this manner, you are reading passively.
當你以這種方式與文本互動時，你是在被動地閱讀。
Active readers, on the other hand, set goals before they read and check their understanding as they read.
另一方面，主動閱讀者在閱讀之前設定目標，并在閱讀時對比檢查自己的理解是否正確。
When they finish, they can explain the main points and know that they have understood what they have read.
讀完之后，他們可以解釋主要的觀點，知道自己已經理解了讀到的內容。
Now, the second characteristic of active learners is to reflect on information and think critically.
主動學習者的第二個特點是反思信息，批判性思考。
Being reflective is an important part of active learning, because it means that you are thinking about the information.
反思是主動學習的重要組成部分，因為它意味著你在思考信息。
In other words, you are processing the information.
換句話說，你在處理信息。
For instance, you may make connections between the new information and what you already know, identify concepts that you may not understand very well, or evaluate the importance of what you are reading.
例如，你可以在新信息和已知的內容之間建立聯系，找出你可能不太明白的概念，或者評估閱讀內容的重要性。
An active learner reflects constantly in this way.
積極的學習者經常這樣思考。
In contrast, passive learners may read the text and listen to lectures and even understand most of what is read and heard, but they do not take that crucial next step of actually thinking about it.
相比之下，被動學習者也會閱讀文本，聽講座，甚至能理解大部分的內容，但他們并沒有邁出重要的下一步，即思考。
