評論
打印
Let's move on to the third one. The third characteristic is to listen actively by taking comprehensive notes in an organized way, like what you should be doing now.
我們來看第三個。第三個特點是積極聽講，有條理地做筆記，你現在就應該這樣做。
We lecturers are always amazed at the number of students who engage in activities other than listening and note-taking in their lecture classes.
我們這些講師驚奇地發現，參加課外活動的學生總是很多，認真聽課做筆記的卻不多。
We've seen students reading newspapers, doing an assignment for another class, or chatting with a classmate.
我們經常看到學生們上課看報紙，做其他課的作業，或者聊天。
Perhaps the all-time winner for passive learning, however, was a student who regularly came to my class with a pillow and fell asleep.
然而，也許被動學習者當中，表現最好的是一名這樣的學生，按時帶著枕頭來上我的課，一上課就睡著。
Unlike these students, active learners are engaged learners.
與這些學生不同的是，主動學習者學習很投入。
They listen actively to the professor for the entire class period, and they write down as much information as possible.
他們整堂課都積極聽教授講課，并盡量多寫下些信息。
To be an active note-taker, you must be more than simply present. You have to think about the information before you write.
要積極記筆記，不僅僅是現在。你必須先思考這些信息，然后再寫下來。
The fourth characteristic is to get assistance when they are experiencing problems.
第四個特點是在遇到問題時尋求幫助。
Because active learners are constantly monitoring their understanding, they know when their comprehension breaks down, and they ask for help before they become lost.
因為主動學習者不斷地監測著自己的理解，知道自己的理解有誤時，會及時尋求幫助。
In addition, active learners often predict the courses (or even particular concepts within courses) that may give them trouble.
此外，主動學習者經常預測他們可能會理解不了的課程(甚至是課程中的特殊概念)。
They have a plan in mind for getting assistance should they need it. Active learners may seek assistance from their professors or peers.
他們腦中會有一個計劃，需要幫助的時候會尋求幫助。主動學習者可能向他們的教授或同學尋求幫助。
Although passive learners may seek help at some point, it is often too little, too late.
雖然被動學習者某些時候也會尋求幫助，但往往太少、太遲。
In addition, because passive learners do not reflect and think critically, they often don't even realize that they need help.
此外，由于被動學習者不會反思和批判性思考，他們甚至沒有意識到他們需要幫助。
The next characteristic is to question information.
下一個特征是質疑信息。
This means that active learners raise questions on information that they read and hear, while passive learners accept both the printed page and the words of their professors as "truth".
這意味著主動學習者會對他們讀到聽到的信息提出問題，而被動學習者會將紙上的文字和教授的話都奉為“真理”。
Of course, active learners don't question everything, but they do evaluate what they read and hear.
當然，主動學習的人并不會質疑一切，但他們確實會評估自己讀到聽到的內容。
When new information fails to "fit in" with what they already know, they may differ in the conclusions they draw or in the inferences they make.
當新信息不符合他們已知的內容時，他們可能會在結論或推論中提出不同意見。
