評(píng)論
打印
For the Welsh of Snowdonia,the great stone fortresses in their midst were what one of them called "the magnificent badges of our subjection."
對(duì)斯諾登地區(qū)的威爾士人來說 這些堅(jiān)石造就的巨大堡壘 正如其中一座的稱號(hào)一樣 "象征征服的壯麗徽章"
The symbol not of imperial grandeur,but of crushing national annihilation,
這些堡壘并非為了昭示帝國(guó)的輝煌 而是要泯滅威爾士的民族意識(shí)
a permanent, daily, wounding reminder of conquest and humiliation.
象征著征服和凌辱 將威爾士騎在身下
The most colossal exercise, in fact, in colonial domination anywhere in medieval Europe.
根據(jù)中世紀(jì)歐洲的 殖民統(tǒng)治慣例
Beneath the lion standard of Edward Plantagenet,
在金雀花王朝的愛德華統(tǒng)治下
the Welsh inhabitants had now become second-class citizens in their own country.
威爾士人民在自己的國(guó)土上成為了 二等公民
Well, those natives were treated for the most part like naughty children,
統(tǒng)治者對(duì)待那些原住民 就像對(duì)待不聽話的孩子
not allowed to bear arms, of course,but even forced to ask permission
他們當(dāng)然是不準(zhǔn)攜帶武器的 但竟然連留宿外鄉(xiāng)人
if they wanted strangers to stay at their house overnight.
也需要得到批準(zhǔn)
Worst of all, I think, the Welsh were doomed by English superiority to become objects of terminal quaintness.
但我認(rèn)為最糟糕的是在英格蘭的特權(quán)統(tǒng)治下 威爾士的古老文化注定將走向消亡
The quaint language, the quaint songs,those amusing choirs and chants.
古老的語(yǔ)言 古雅的民謠 還有那些動(dòng)人的贊美詩(shī)
It could have been worse,and for the Jews of England, it was.
如果說還有誰(shuí)比這更不幸 那就是英格蘭的猶太人
The Welsh wars cost ten times the king's annual revenue,
威爾士戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的費(fèi)用是全國(guó)一年總收入的十倍
and the price of victory and castle building had so exhaustively bled the Jews
維持戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和修建城堡的資金籌募 榨干了猶太人的全部財(cái)產(chǎn)
the usual source of loans and taxation that they had nothing left to yield,
而他們正是貸款和賦稅的主要來源 在失去利用價(jià)值后
and so could be dispensed with altogether.
他們被徹底拋棄 無一幸免
