27. Have regular dinner-table discussions about people the family knows and how they got where they are.

【分析】多重復合句。主句主干為Have discussions。介詞短語about…作discussions后置定語；其中，the family knows為省略關系詞的定語從句，修飾people。how they got where they are 作 about 的賓語，其中 they are又作got的賓語。
【譯文】經常在就餐時討論全家都認識的人以及他們是如何取得現在的成就的。

28. When asked what they want to do, they should be discouraged from saying "I have no idea."

【分析】多重復合句。when引導時間狀語從句，從句的主語和be動詞被省略，補充完整應為When they are asked...。what引導的賓語從句作asked的賓語。
【譯文】當孩子被問到“以后想干什么”時，家長應該阻止他回答說“我不知道”。