23.While few craftsmen or farmers, let alone dependents and servants, left literary compositions to be analyzed it is obvious that their views were less fully intellectualized.
【分析】復(fù)合句。句子主干是it is obvious that…。it為形式主語,真正的主語是that引導(dǎo)的從句。While引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,其中包含短語let alone作插入語。let alone是隱含否定意義的連詞短語,它強(qiáng)調(diào)由于前者不可能或不真實,因此后者也不真實或不可能。
【譯文】雖然少數(shù)工匠和農(nóng)民,留下了可供分析的文學(xué)作品,但很明顯他們的觀點是缺乏智慧的——更不用提侍從和仆人了。
【點撥】 l) let alone意為“更別提,更不用說”。2) dependent常作形容詞,與on/upon搭配,意思是“依靠的,依賴的;取決于…的”,本句中用作名詞,指“扈從,侍從”。3) 本句中l(wèi)eave后接動詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)。
【臨摹】這個村莊的衛(wèi)生設(shè)施不盡如人意。
24. Sexual confusion, economic frustrations, and religious hope — all came together in a decisive moment when he opened the Bible, told his father that the first line he saw would settle his fate, and read the magical words: “Come out from among them, touch no unclean thing, and I will be your God and you shall be my people."
【分析】多重復(fù)合句。主句的主語由三個并列的名詞短語 sexual confusion, economic frustrations 和 religious hope構(gòu)成,主句謂語是came together。when引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾先行詞moment,該從句的謂語由三個并列的動詞短語opened the Bible, told his father和 read the magical words構(gòu)成,其中that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句作動詞told的賓語。引號內(nèi)的句子是words的同位語。
【譯文】他打開《圣經(jīng)》,告訴父親他讀到的第一行字將決定他的命運,接著讀到了以下神奇的文字:“從他們中間走出來,不要沾不潔凈的物,我將成為你們的神,你將是我的子民。”在這決定性的時刻,他的性困感、經(jīng)濟(jì)困難以及宗教期待——所有的一切都交織在一起。
【點撥】settle常用意為“安頓,定居;解決(問題等)”,本句中意思是“確定,決定”,settle one's fate即為“決定某人的命運"。