評(píng)論
打印
18. While Washington and Jefferson privately expressed distaste for slavery, they also understood that it was part of the political and economic bedrock of the country they helped to create.
【分析】多重復(fù)合句。while 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，主句主干為 they also understood that，此時(shí)的 that 引導(dǎo)賓語從句，賓語從句中又包含省略了關(guān)系詞的定語從句 they helped to create，修飾先行詞 country。
【譯文】盡管華盛頓和杰佛遜私下里都對(duì)奴隸制表示反感，但他們也認(rèn)識(shí)到，奴隸制是他們一手締造的國家的政治經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)的一部分。
【點(diǎn)撥】distaste 意為“厭惡，不喜歡”，可與 taste 一起聯(lián)想記憶。
19. The southern states would not have signed the constitution without protections for the "peculiar institution," including a clause that counted as three fifths of a man for purposes of congressional representation.
【分析】復(fù)合句。主句主干為 The southern states would not have signed the constitution；介詞結(jié)構(gòu) including a clause...對(duì)作進(jìn)一步解釋，其中 that 引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾 clause。本句中用到了虛擬語氣，would not have signed 表達(dá)的是與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，介詞短語 without protections for the "peculiar institution" 表達(dá)了隱含的條件，相當(dāng)于if they had not had protections for the "peculiar institution"。
【譯文】如果不保護(hù)他們的“特殊制度”，南方各州是不會(huì)簽署聯(lián)邦憲法的?！疤厥庵贫取敝杏幸粭l規(guī)定：在選舉國會(huì)代表時(shí)，一個(gè)奴隸可作五分之三個(gè)公民。
【點(diǎn)撥】1) clause 常見是意思為“分句，從句”，本句中意為“（法律、合同等的）條款、款項(xiàng)”。2) for purposes of“為了...”。
【臨摹】這幅圖只是為了說明起見。
