1. To the south lies the great dividing line of hills.
精解:這是一個倒裝句。做狀語的介詞短語謂語句首引起倒裝,句中to the south是介詞短語。這一類的倒裝句謂語動詞通常come, lie, stand, walk這個四個不及物動詞。例如:
Under the big tree was sitting an old farmer. 大樹下坐著一個老農夫。
Along the dusty road came a group of tourists. 一群游客沿著塵土飛揚的路走來。
In the distance could be seen the purple mountains. 在遠處, 可見到紫紅色的群山。
采用這樣的倒裝形式有時也是出于全句平衡的考慮: 當主語較長時, 為了使句子平衡, 常以作狀語的介詞短語開頭。例如:
On the ground lay some air conditioners, which are to be shipped to some other cities. 地上放著一些空調, 它們會被船運到其他城市去。
2. It is a quiet,sheltered part of the countryside,where the fields are always green and the rivers never dry up.
精解:這是一個含有非限定性定語從句的復合句。這個非限定性定語從句是where the fields are always green and the rivers never dry up,它修飾先行詞countryside。它起到補充說明的作用,在這里補充說明countryside的景致。