剛才那個練習你都會作嗎? 下面我們來學習另外一種用直接和間接賓語的方 法. 首先請你聽一個句子: Henry has written a letter to Jenny. 這句話跟我們剛 才練習的說法, 也就是: Henry has written Jenny a letter. 意思一樣, 只不過把 間接賓語和直接賓語的順序對調, 而且在間接賓語的前頭加上介詞 to, t-o, to.

現在我們要作的練習就是把這兩種說法作個比較. 請你注意聽老師念我們剛 才練習過的那種陳述句, 然后請你用上介詞 to 把意思用另外一種說法表達出 來. 首先舉個例子.

M: Kate has taught Jenny sewing.

F: She has taught sewing to Jenny.

現在我們開始練習, 每作完一句就請你聽正確答案.

M: Kate has taught Jenny sewing.

F: She has taught sewing to Jenny.

M: Kate has lent Jenny her car.

F: She has lent her car to Jenny.

M: Kate has mailed Jenny a package.

F: She has mailed a package to Jenny.

M: Henry has shown Jenny a map.

F: He has shown a map to Jenny.

M: Henry has given Jenny some advice.

F: He has given some advice to Jenny.

M: Henry has written Jenny a letter.

F: He has written a letter to Jenny.

在剛才那個練習里我們學習了直接賓語加上 to 再加上間接賓語的說法. 可是 有些及物動詞不應該跟 to 一起用, 而必須用另外一個介詞 for, f-o-r, for. 最普 通的兩個例子就是 buy, b-u-y, buy 跟 get, g-e-t, get. 現在老師用這兩個動詞作 幾個句子說明亨利跟凱特買了些什么東西給珍妮.請你跟剛才一樣作練習, 不 過要記得改用介詞 for. 現在我們開始.

M: Henry and Kate Have bought Jenny a radio.

F: They have bought a radio for Jenny.

M: They have bought Jenny a dictionary.

F: They have bought a dictionary for Jenny.

M: They have gotten Jenny a sewing machine.

F: They have gotten a sewing machine for Jenny.

M: They have gotten Jenny a desk.

F: They have gotten a desk for Jenny.

用上介詞的說法你都會了嗎? 這種說法很常用,尤其是直接賓語是代名詞的時 候就非用這種說法不可, 比方: Henry has given it to Peter. 在下面一組練習里, 老師提出一些問句, 內容都是說到亨利和凱特為孩子們作的事情, 然后學生把 句子里的主語跟直接賓語改為代名詞, 再用上適當的介詞作肯定的答覆. 在學 生作練習的時候請你也一起作.

M: Has Henry given Peter some money?

F: Yes, he has given it to Peter.

M: Has Kate shown Peter a new book?

F: Yes, she has shown it to Peter.

M: Has Henry bought Linda a swimming suit?

F: Yes, he has bought it for Linda.

M: Has Kate taught Linda an English lesson?

F: Yes, she has taught it to Linda.

M: Have Henry and Kate gotten Jenny a sewing machine?

F: Yes, they have gotten it for Jenny.

M: Have Henry and Kate mailed Jenny a package?

F: Yes, they have mailed it to Jenny.

四.聽短文回答問題

今天我們要聽的文章內容是說美國家庭怎么樣應付孩子們的大學教育費,住宿 費等等問題, 比方孩子小的時候他們就開始存錢, 孩子大了以后可以自己找份 工作掙學費, 或是先向政府借貸等等.

現在請你注意聽.

Nearly all American students in colleges and universities pay for their educations. There are many costs. First of all, there is tuition. At some schools, the tuition is very high, ten thousand dollars a year or more. At other schools, it may only be a few hundred dollars a year. At some community colleges, tuition is free.

There are other costs as well. Many students leave their homes to go to schools in other cities. They may live in dormitories or apartments, and they must pay for it. Finally, students must buy textbooks for their courses. Going to college or university can be a big expense.

Some families start saving money for their children's education when the children are small. Many students work to save money for tuition. They can also get loans from the government. They pay the money back to the government when they finish their education.

現在我們先來聽今天測驗的三個問題, 然后我會再請老師把整段文章念一遍.

第一個問題是:

M: What do American students pay for?

第二個問題是:

M: Is the tuition the same at all American colleges and universities?

第三個問題是:

M: How do Americans pay for college education?

現在我們再來聽英文老師用慢速度把整段文章念一遍.

Nearly all American students in colleges and universities pay for their educations. There are many costs. First of all, there is tuition. At some schools, the tuition is very high, ten thousand dollars a year or more. At other schools, it may only be a few hundred dollars a year. At some community colleges, tuition is free.

There are other costs as well. Many students leave their homes to go to schools in other cities. They may live in dormitories or apartments, and they must pay for it. Finally, students must buy textbooks for their courses. Going to college or university can be a big expense.

Some families start saving money for their children's education when the children are small. Many students work to save money for tuition. They can also get loans from the government. They pay the money back to the government when they finish their education.

現在請你回答今天測驗的三個問題. 回答之后請你聽老師念正確答案.

第一個問題是:

M: What do American students pay for?

F: They pay tuition and they buy textbooks for their courses. When they live in dormitories or apartments they must pay for it as well.

第二個問題是:

M: Is the tuition the same at all American colleges and universities?

F: No, it is not the same. It may be ten thousand dollars a year or only a few hundred dollars a year. At some schools tuition is free.

第三個問題是:

M: How do Americans pay for college education?

F: American families save money for their children's education. Many students work to save money. They can also get loans from the government.