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第二十課 That，which 和 who 定語從句
一.本課要點(diǎn)及示例
在這一課里, 我們要學(xué)習(xí)以 that, t-h-a-t, that, which, w-h-i-c-h, which 和 who, w-h-o, who 開頭的短句. 這種短句在整個(gè)句子里有修飾的功用.
首先我們還是聽一段對(duì)話, 內(nèi)容是說彼得和瑪麗快要畢業(yè)了, 兩個(gè)人見面談 起畢業(yè)典禮的事情. 請(qǐng)你注意聽兩位英文老師的發(fā)音和語調(diào).
F: Next week we graduate from high school. I can hardly wait.
M: But first there are two more examinations which I have to pass.
F: And there are three more papers that I have to write.
M: Did you get your cap and robe for the graduation ceremony?
F: Yes, but the robe which they gave me is too long. The person who gave it to me told me to take it back.
M: The one that they gave me is too short. Maybe we should trade.
在剛才那段對(duì)話里有些句子包含了用 that, which 和 who 開頭的短句, 現(xiàn)在我 請(qǐng)英文老師再把這些句子念一遍給你聽.
M: There are two more examinations which I have to pass.
F: There are three more papers that I have to write.
F: The robe which they gave me is too long.
F: The person who gave it to me told me to take it back.
M: The one that they gave me is too short.
二.THAT
聽了剛才那段對(duì)話, 你可能已經(jīng)注意到用一個(gè)短句來修飾一個(gè)詞的時(shí)候, 它的 位置是在那個(gè)詞的后面,比方: "穿著長(zhǎng)禮服戴著方帽子的學(xué)生," 英文應(yīng)該這樣
說:The students that wear long robes and caps with square tops.
現(xiàn)在我們來練習(xí)這類句子, 每個(gè)句子都跟彼得和瑪麗快要畢業(yè)有關(guān)系. 現(xiàn)在請(qǐng) 你注意聽男老師念句子. 然后跟著女老師把句子重復(fù)一遍.
M: There are two more examinations that Peter has to pass.
F: There are two more examinations that Peter has to pass.
M: There are three more papers that Mary has to write.
F: There are three more papers that Mary has to write.
M: Most students that graduate this year will attend the graduation ceremony.
F: Most students that graduate this year will attend the graduation ceremony.
M: The students that wear long robes and caps with square tops are graduating.
F: The students that wear long robes and caps with square tops are graduating.
三.WHICH
剛才那些句子里用來修飾的短句都是用that 開頭的, that 可以用來指人或是東 西. 但是在專門指東西或事情的時(shí)候可以用 which, w-h-i-c-h, which 代替. The robe that they gave Mary is too long. 這句話也可以這樣說: The robe which they gave Mary is too long.
下面我們作一組練習(xí), 學(xué)學(xué)這種句子, 練習(xí)的作法是由老師用 "什么" what 提 出一個(gè)問句, 比方 "什么是文憑?" What is a diploma? 然后老師念一個(gè)用 which 開頭的短句修飾的詞, 比方 "高中畢業(yè)生得到的文件" The paper which a high school graduate receives, 所以剛才那個(gè)問題的答案就是: "文憑是高中畢業(yè)生 得到的文件." A diploma is the paper which a high school graduate receives. 在這 組練習(xí)里, 你可以學(xué)習(xí)到怎么用英文來解釋什么是 "學(xué)位" degree, d-e-g-r-e-e, degree, 什么是 "畢業(yè)舞會(huì)" prom, p-r-o-m, prom 等等. 現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)你注意聽老師問問 題, 并且在學(xué)生回答問題的時(shí)候也一起回答.
