2.語法結構

2．1 關聯
理論依據：我們無論如何也無法忘卻的美麗的中文：“因為…所以”、“雖然…但是”….
解決方法：
 if /so long as… then
 although … yet
 as… so （不應過多使用，口語中可以接受）
 用more importantly 來替代 not only.. but also

e.g. 如果你要求我把它說得具體一點得話， 那我可以概括一下， 本屆政府現在面臨要干得幾件事情可以概括為“一個確保， 3個到位， 5項改革。”
If you expect me to give you some specifics, then I can just make a generalization of the tasks that this government is expected to accomplish…

e.g. 從根本上講，因為科索沃是南斯拉夫范圍之內的一個問題， 因此， 它是一個南斯拉夫得內部事務。
Fundamentally, as the Kosovo question is within Yugoslavia, so it is an internal matter of Yugoslavia.

e.g. 我們雖然還沒有進入WTO, 但我們的很多改革比我們原來承諾的還發展得更快。
Although China is still not a member of the WTO, as a matter of fact, yet the results of many of our reforms have already gone beyond the commitments made by us.

e.g. 這種民主的制度， 不但是在農村，而且企業也在試行。
Such a democratic system now is in existence in the villages, more importantly, many enterprises are practicing them too.

2.2 加總結詞
理論依據：英文有時需要加上總結詞，否則會有比較突兀的感覺。
e.g. 協定的主要內容包括：
The major contents of the agreement include the following…

2.3 保留連接詞that
理論依據：老外都這么說，而且據說有心理學論證一說。
e.g. 宏觀調控可以說現在它有4個成效。第一個就是它對付金融風暴。
The macro-regulation has produced four major results. The first result is that it helped China to cope with the Asian financial crisis.

2.4 實詞銜接
在口譯中應盡量避免使用語義不具體的關系代詞來指代遠處的詞語，而應改用實詞來與前面得詞語銜接呼應，便于聽眾聽懂。
e.g. 這些言論顯然不利于促進海峽兩岸實現和平統一， 也是同前不久發表的臺灣國家統一綱領中說的“兩岸應當屏棄敵對狀態”這句話是自相矛盾的。
These remarks are clearly detrimental to the peaceful reunification of the two sides of the Taiwan Straits and are also contradictory to the remarks contained in the program for national reunification issued lately by the Taiwan authorities. These remarks say something to the effect that the two sides of the Taiwan Straits should give up their hostilities.

2.5 主語與主題
2.5.1 對于漢語主語管轄較寬的處理
e.g. 我相信中日作為兩個大國， 又是相鄰的國家，過去有過長久的文化友好交往、文化的淵源，但是也有過近代的這種不行的歷史。
China and Japan are two major countries and also are neighbors to each other. In the history the two countries enjoyed a very long-standing relationship of friendly exchanges and also very close cultural links. However, in the modern history, the two sides also experienced some unfortunate period.

2.5.2 漢語無主句的處理
主要處理方法：
 補上人稱代詞，一般補we, you等
 補上非人稱的名詞

e.g.（巴爾干這個地區是民族關系非常復雜的這樣一個地區， 所以各個民族的合法權益都應該得到保護，）同時也要防止各種各樣的極端主義分子的一種活動。
Meanwhile, efforts should be made to prevent and guard against the splittist activities conducted by some extremists.

2.6 定語
理論依據：漢語中定語一般置于被修飾詞之前，而英語定語的位置靈活多變，可以前置，也可以后置。因此，中譯英時，盡量將定語前置，萬一不行，我們有下列方法。不過先看看前置的例子。
前置定語
e.g. 剛剛閉幕的全國人大通過了修改憲法。
The just concluded NPC session has adopted the Amendment to the Constitution.

e.g. 這也會對下一個世紀的全球和地區的戰略平衡與穩定帶來非常不利的影響。
It will also exert a negative impact on the global and regional strategic balance and stability into the next century.

e.g. 中國的
改革中國的電訊工業的體制
盡量不要將“中國的”翻成 Chinese , 原因？？？
To reform the system of China’s telecommunication industry.

定語的前后
中國一向奉行獨立自主的和平外交政策
China pursues an independent foreign policy of peace/an independent peaceful policy ofr diplomatic affairs/a foreign policy of independence and peace

定語的轉換
現在世界的潮流是走向和平與發展，走向緩和
In today’s world, the trend is towards peace, development and relaxation of tension.

2.7 狀語
漢語的狀語位置不如英語，但是在口譯中，盡量做到源語和目的語狀語的位置保持一致
e.g. 在世紀之交，面對前所未有的挑戰和機遇，我們對實現下一個世紀的宏偉目標充滿信心。
Faced with unprecedented challenges and opportunities at the threshold of a new century, we’re full of confidence to realize the grand objective set for the next century.