評(píng)論
打印
Statement by WMO Secretary-General Petteri Taalas for World Meteorological Day
世界氣象組織（WMO）秘書長(zhǎng)佩蒂瑞·塔拉斯世界氣象日致辭
The ocean, our climate and weather
“海洋，我們的氣候和天氣”
March 23, 2021
2021年3月23日
World Meteorological Day in 2021 is devoted to the theme "the ocean, our climate and weather." It celebrates WMO's focus in connecting the ocean, climate and weather within the Earth System.
2021年世界氣象日的主題是“海洋，我們的氣候和天氣”，以茲紀(jì)念 WMO將連系地球系統(tǒng)內(nèi)的海洋、氣候和天氣列為其工作重點(diǎn)。
Our changing climate is warming the ocean, having a profound effect on our weather. The WMO's annual State of the Global Climate report, shows that 2020 was one of the three warmest years on record, despite La Nina cooling in the Pacific Ocean. The past decade from 2011-2020 was the warmest on record.
不斷變化的氣候正在使海洋變暖，對(duì)天氣產(chǎn)生了極大的影響。WMO全球氣候狀況年度報(bào)告顯示，盡管拉尼娜現(xiàn)象在太平洋有降溫作用，但2020年仍是有記錄以來(lái)最暖的三個(gè)年份之一。從2011年到2020年的上一個(gè)十年是有記錄以來(lái)最暖的十年。
Ocean heat is at record levels, ocean acidification is continuing. Sea ice is melting. The rate of sea level rise has accelerated.
海洋熱量達(dá)到了創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄水平，海洋酸化仍在持續(xù)。海冰在融化，冰川、格陵蘭島和南極冰蓋也在融化。海平面已加速上升。
During the past year, we have seen prolonged droughts that extended fire seasons throughout the world. Devastating wildfires in Australia, for example, were linked to ocean temperatures influencing drier seasonal climate patterns.
2020年，世界各地經(jīng)歷了更長(zhǎng)的干旱期，它延長(zhǎng)了火災(zāi)季節(jié)。例如，澳大利亞發(fā)生的毀滅性野火是與海洋溫度關(guān)聯(lián)的，帶來(lái)了更干燥的季節(jié)性氣候型式。
Warm ocean temperatures helped fuel a record Atlantic hurricane season, and unusually intense tropical cyclones in the Indian and South Pacific Oceans. The storm surge damage in these areas demonstrated the power of the ocean and its devastating impact on coastal communities.
溫暖的海洋溫度助推大西洋颶風(fēng)季創(chuàng)了記錄，并使印度洋和南太平洋上的熱帶氣旋異常強(qiáng)烈。這些區(qū)域的風(fēng)暴潮破壞顯示了海洋的威力及其對(duì)沿海地區(qū)的破壞性影響。
Non-tropical ocean storms continued to wreak havoc aboard ships, with additional losses of life and cargo at sea.
非熱帶海洋風(fēng)暴對(duì)船舶不斷肆虐，造成了海上更多生命和貨物損失。
In 2020, the annual Arctic sea ice minimum was among the lowest on record. Polar communities suffered abnormal coastal flooding, and sea ice hazards as a result of melting ice.
過(guò)去的一年，北極年度最低海冰量處于有記錄以來(lái)最低年份之列。極地社區(qū)遭遇了異常的海岸洪水和融冰帶來(lái)的海冰危害。
In view of this, the WMO community has a major stake in supporting research, observations, predictions, and services for the ocean as much for as the atmosphere, land, and cryosphere.
有鑒于此，WMO全系統(tǒng)在支持海洋、大氣、陸地和冰凍圈的研究、觀測(cè)、預(yù)測(cè)和服務(wù)方面肩負(fù)著重大責(zé)任。
Major gaps in data over the ocean hinder our ability to accurately forecast weather at extended time scales and, more so, sub-seasonal to seasonal. The WMO Data Conference in November 2020 recognized major gaps in data, particularly over the ocean. It highlighted the need for free and open access to Earth system data, to maximize the overall economic impact of these data.
海上數(shù)據(jù)的大量缺乏阻礙了我們?cè)诟L(zhǎng)時(shí)間尺度上準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測(cè)天氣的能力，尤其是次季節(jié)到季節(jié)性的預(yù)測(cè)。2020年11月召開(kāi)的 WMO數(shù)據(jù)會(huì)議認(rèn)識(shí)到了數(shù)據(jù)方面（特別是海洋數(shù)據(jù)）的重大缺口，強(qiáng)調(diào)了免費(fèi)和開(kāi)放獲取地球系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)的必要性，以最大限度地發(fā)揮這些數(shù)據(jù)的整體經(jīng)濟(jì)影響。
WMO has a large number of partnerships, including with the UNESCO's Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, to better understand, observe, and predict the ocean as part of our Earth System.
WMO擁有包括 UNESCO政府間海洋學(xué)委員會(huì)在內(nèi)的眾多伙伴關(guān)系，以更好地理解、觀測(cè)和預(yù)測(cè)海洋這一地球系統(tǒng)的組成部分。
With more than 40% of the global population living within 100km of the coast, there is an urgent need to keep communities safe from the impacts of coastal hazards. WMO and its Members work to support coastal management and resilience and strengthen Multi Hazard Early Warning Systems.
鑒于全球40%以上的人口居住在距離海岸100公里以內(nèi)的地區(qū)，因此迫切需要保護(hù)社區(qū)安全，使之免受海岸災(zāi)害的影響。WMO及其會(huì)員致力于支持沿海管理和復(fù)原力建設(shè)，以及加強(qiáng)“多災(zāi)種預(yù)警系統(tǒng)”。
Nearly 90% of world trade is carried across the sea and is exposed to the dangers of extreme maritime weather. WMO partners with the International Maritime Organization and the International Hydrographic Organization to provide standardized information, forecasts and warnings to ensure the safety of life and property at sea.
近90%的世界貿(mào)易是通過(guò)海運(yùn)進(jìn)行的，有面臨極端海上天氣的危險(xiǎn)。WMO與國(guó)際海事組織和國(guó)際航道測(cè)量組織合作，提供標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化信息、預(yù)報(bào)和警報(bào)，確保海上生命和財(cái)產(chǎn)的安全。
The coming Decade will be a critical one for addressing ways to adapt and mitigate to climate change impacts. WMO is helping in this effort, as a designated Nominator for the Earth Shot Prize (2021 to 2030), seeking solutions for urgent environmental challenges, including the ocean and climate.
未來(lái)十年對(duì)于如何適應(yīng)和減緩氣候變化的影響是關(guān)鍵的十年。作為指定的“為地球奮斗獎(jiǎng)” （2021至2030年）的提名者，WMO正在為此提供協(xié)助，為應(yīng)對(duì)海洋和氣候等緊急環(huán)境挑戰(zhàn)尋求解決方案。）
This year is also important for the WMO to mark the start of the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (2021-2030). WMO is committed to contributing with much of its work integral for the "safe ocean", "predicted ocean" and "transparent ocean" goals of the Decade.
今年對(duì) WMO而言也是重要的一年，它標(biāo)志著聯(lián)合國(guó)海洋科學(xué)促進(jìn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展十年（2021-2030）的開(kāi)始。WMO致力于推動(dòng)其諸多工作參與到實(shí)現(xiàn)該十年的“安全的海洋”、“預(yù)測(cè)的海洋”和“透明的海洋”目標(biāo)中來(lái)。
Together with partners, WMO is striving to strengthen the Earth System Science to services.
WMO正在與合作伙伴攜手，努力加強(qiáng)“地球系統(tǒng)科學(xué)”走向服務(wù)。
To understand our weather and climate, we must understand our ocean. We will continue working towards this, to protect vulnerable communities and in support of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction, the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the Paris Climate Change Agreement, and SAMOA Pathway.
要理解天氣和氣候，我們必須理解海洋。我們將不斷為此努力，保護(hù)弱勢(shì)社區(qū)，支持《仙臺(tái)減少災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)框架》、《聯(lián)合國(guó)可持續(xù)發(fā)展目標(biāo)》、《巴黎氣候變化協(xié)定》和《薩摩亞途徑》。
WMO is leading several important global initiatives during the coming year to address priorities of our members:
在未來(lái)的一年，WMO將領(lǐng)導(dǎo)幾項(xiàng)重要的全球倡議，以應(yīng)對(duì)會(huì)員面對(duì)的優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)：
The importance of enhancing the global basic observing network and putting in place an innovative financing facility SOFF to ensure systematic weather and climate observations especially for LDCs and SIDs.
1．加強(qiáng)全球基本觀測(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)和建立創(chuàng)新性融資機(jī)制SOFF的重要性，以確保系統(tǒng)天氣和氣候觀測(cè)，特別是針對(duì)最不發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家和小島嶼發(fā)展中國(guó)家。
Secondly, we are creating a water and climate coalition for accelerating action on SDG 6, which is related to water.
2．建立水與氣候聯(lián)盟，加快實(shí)現(xiàn)SDG 6的行動(dòng)。
And thirdly, we would like to ensure enhanced the Multi Hazard Early Warning System and services of all our Member Countries.
3．確保加強(qiáng)多災(zāi)種預(yù)警系統(tǒng)和服務(wù)。
I wish you all a happy World Meteorological Day.
我謹(jǐn)祝大家世界氣象日快樂(lè)。
